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Multi-photon system has been studied by many groups, however the biggest challenge faced is the number of copies of an unknown state are limited and far from detecting quantum entanglement. The difficulty to prepare copies of the state is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-09-13 Yiping Lu , Qing Zhao

We propose a quantum tomography scheme for pure qudit systems which adopts random base measurements and generative learning methods, along with a built-in fidelity estimation approach to assess the reliability of the tomographic states. We…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-03-25 Jun Wang , Zhao-Yu Han , Song-Bo Wang , Zeyang Li , Liang-Zhu Mu , Heng Fan , Lei Wang

It has been recently shown that a state generated by a one-dimensional noisy quantum computer is well approximated by a matrix product operator with a finite bond dimension independent of the number of qubits. We show that full quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-07-14 Alexander Lidiak , Casey Jameson , Zhen Qin , Gongguo Tang , Michael B. Wakin , Zhihui Zhu , Zhexuan Gong

We have performed the first experimental tomographic reconstruction of a three-photon polarization state. Quantum state tomography is a powerful tool for fully describing the density matrix of a quantum system. We measured 64 three-photon…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Kevin J. Resch , Philip Walther , Anton Zeilinger

This paper presents the formulation and analysis of a novel distributed maximum likelihood algorithm that utilizes a first-order optimization scheme. The proposed approach utilizes a static average consensus algorithm to reach agreement on…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-03-09 Jemin George

In this paper, we propose a quantum algorithm that supports a real-valued higher-order unconstrained binary optimization (HUBO) problem. This algorithm is based on the Grover adaptive search that originally supported HUBO with integer…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-02-17 Masaya Norimoto , Ryuhei Mori , Naoki Ishikawa

System of 1/2 spin particles is observed repeatedly using Stern-Gerlach apparatuses with rotated orientations. Synthesis of such non-commuting observables is analyzed using maximum likelihood estimation as an example of quantum state…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-10-31 Z. Hradil , J. Summhammer , G. Badurek , H. Rauch

We present the first complete optimization of quantum tomography, for states, POVMs, and various classes of transformations, for arbitrary prior ensemble and arbitrary representation, giving corresponding feasible experimental schemes.

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 A. Bisio , G. Chiribella , G. M. D'Ariano , S. Facchini , P. Perinotti

We present a framework that formulates the quest for the most efficient quantum state tomography scheme as an optimization problem which can be solved numerically. This approach can be applied to a broad spectrum of relevant setups…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-12-17 Violeta N. Ivanova-Rohling , Guido Burkard , Niklas Rohling

We present an algorithm based on maximum likelihood for the estimation and renormalization (marginalization) of exponential densities. The moment-matching problem resulting from the maximization of the likelihood is solved as an…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2009-11-10 Panagiotis Stinis

Quantum state tomography is an indispensable but costly part of many quantum experiments. Typically, it requires measurements to be carried in a number of different settings on a fixed experimental setup. The collected data is often…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-09-13 Jun Li , Shilin Huang , Zhihuang Luo , Keren Li , Dawei Lu , Bei Zeng

Quantum state tomography provides a fundamental framework for reconstructing quantum states. When the measurement data are not informationally complete, the observed statistics admit multiple compatible density matrices, making the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-01 V. A. Penas , M. Losada , D. Tielas , F. Holik

Quantum detector tomography is a fundamental technique for calibrating quantum devices and performing quantum engineering tasks. In this paper, we design optimal probe states for detector estimation based on the minimum upper bound of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-01-13 Shuixin Xiao , Yuanlong Wang , Daoyi Dong , Jun Zhang

Using a spontaneous parametric-downconversion source of photon pairs, we are working towards the creation of arbitrary 2-qubit quantum states with high fidelity. Currently, all physically allowable combinations of polarization entanglement…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Paul Kwiat , Joe Altepeter , David Branning , Evan Jeffrey , Nicholas Peters , Tzu-Chieh Wei

Quantum state tomography, a process that reconstructs a quantum state from measurements on an ensemble of identically prepared copies, plays a crucial role in benchmarking quantum devices. However, brute-force approaches to quantum state…

With nowadays steadily growing quantum processors, it is required to develop new quantum tomography tools that are tailored for high-dimensional systems. In this work, we describe such a computational tool, based on recent ideas from…

We consider the task of performing quantum state tomography on a $d$-level spin qudit, using only measurements of spin projection onto different quantization axes. After introducing a basis of operators closely related to the spherical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-12-22 Michael A. Perlin , Diego Barberena , Ana Maria Rey

We report an experimental self-calibrating tomography scheme for entanglement characterization in high-dimensional quantum systems using Schmidt decomposition techniques. The self-tomography technique based on maximal likelihood estimation…

As they can travel long distances, free space optical quantum states are good candidates for carrying information in quantum information technology protocols. These states, however, are often complex to produce and require protocols whose…

Optics · Physics 2014-12-08 Jean Etesse , Bhaskar Kanseri , Rosa Tualle-Brouri

We study the optimization of any quantum process by minimizing the "randomness" in the measurement result at the output of that quantum process. We conceptualize and propose a measure of such randomness and inquire whether an optimization…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-03-30 Sreetama Das , Asutosh Kumar , Aditi Sen De , Ujjwal Sen