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Cryptographic key exchange protocols traditionally rely on computational conjectures such as the hardness of prime factorisation to provide security against eavesdropping attacks. Remarkably, quantum key distribution protocols like the one…

The Forrelation problem, introduced by Aaronson [A10] and Aaronson and Ambainis [AA15], is a well studied problem in the context of separating quantum and classical models. Variants of this problem were used to give exponential separations…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2020-07-08 Uma Girish , Ran Raz , Wei Zhan

It is shown that with the use of entanglement a specific two party communication task can be done with a systematically smaller expected error than any possible classical protocol could do. The example utilises the very tight correlation…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Lucien Hardy , Wim van Dam

Quantum cryptography has been recently extended to continuous variable systems, e.g., the bosonic modes of the electromagnetic field. In particular, several cryptographic protocols have been proposed and experimentally implemented using…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-12-03 Stefano Pirandola , Stefano Mancini , Seth Lloyd , Samuel L. Braunstein

Quantum correlations provide dramatic advantage over the corresponding classical resources in several communication tasks. However a broad class of probabilistic theories exists that attributes greater success than quantum theory in many of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-11-09 Sutapa Saha , Some Sankar Bhattacharya , Tamal Guha , Saronath Halder , Manik Banik

We consider the problem of implementing a fixed social choice function between multiple players (which takes as input a type $t_i$ from each player $i$ and outputs an outcome $f(t_1,\ldots, t_n)$), in which each player must be incentivized…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2021-06-04 Aviad Rubinstein , Raghuvansh R. Saxena , Clayton Thomas , S. Mathew Weinberg , Junyao Zhao

The task of privacy amplification, in which Alice holds some partially secret information with respect to an adversary Eve and wishes to distill it until it is completely secret, is known to be solvable almost optimally both in the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-09 Rotem Arnon , Amnon Ta-Shma

We study uncloneable quantum encryption schemes for classical messages as recently proposed by Broadbent and Lord. We focus on the information-theoretic setting and give several limitations on the structure and security of these schemes:…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-11-05 Christian Majenz , Christian Schaffner , Mehrdad Tahmasbi

We present relation problems whose input size is $n$ such that they can be solved with no communication for entanglement-assisted quantum communication models, but require $\Omega(n)$ qubit communication for $2$-way quantum communication…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-20 Atsuya Hasegawa , François Le Gall , Augusto Modanese

We propose an information reconciliation protocol that uses two-way classical communication. In the case of the BB84 protocol and the six-state protocol, the key rates of the quantum key distribution (QKD) protocols that use our proposed…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-11-09 Shun Watanabe , Ryutaroh Matsumoto , Tomohiko Uyematsu , Yasuhito Kawano

In this paper we suggest a simple mathematical procedure to derive the classical probability density of quantum systems via Bohr's correspondence principle. Using Fourier expansions for the classical and quantum distributions, we assume…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-09-18 J. Bernal , Alberto Martín-Ruiz , J. C. García-Melgarejo

Recently, we have shown the advantages of two-way quantum communications in continuous variable quantum cryptography. Thanks to this new approach, two honest users can achieve a non-trivial security enhancement as long as the Gaussian…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-09-18 Stefano Pirandola , Stefano Mancini , Seth Lloyd , Samuel L. Braunstein

A fundamental limitation of quantum communication is that a single qubit can carry at most 1 bit of classical information. For an important class of quantum communication channels, known as entanglement-breaking, this limitation holds even…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-14 Giulio Chiribella , Saptarshi Roy , Tamal Guha , Sutapa Saha

Covert communication offers a method to transmit messages in such a way that it is not possible to detect that the communication is happening at all. In this work, we report an experimental demonstration of covert communication that is…

A secret key shared through quantum key distribution between two cooperative players is secure against any eavesdropping attack allowed by the laws of physics. Yet, such a key can be established only when the quantum channel error rate due…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 H. F. Chau

Using quantum mechanics, secure direct communication between distant parties can be performed. Over a noisy quantum channel, quantum privacy amplification is a necessary step to ensure the security of the message. In this paper, we present…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Fu-Guo Deng , Gui Lu Long

Quantum entanglement cannot be used to achieve direct communication between remote parties, but it can reduce the communication needed for some problems. Let each of k parties hold some partial input data to some fixed k-variable function…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Harry Buhrman , Wim van Dam , Peter Hoyer , Alain Tapp

Recently, a quantum key exchange protocol has been described, which served as basis for securing an actual bank transaction by means of quantum cryptography [quant-ph/0404115]. Here we show, that the authentication scheme applied is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Thomas Beth , Joern Mueller-Quade , Rainer Steinwandt

In this paper, a novel information leakage resistant quantum dialogue (QD) protocol with single photons in both polarization and spatial-mode degrees of freedom is proposed, which utilizes quantum encryption technology to overcome the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-05-18 Tian-Yu Ye , Mao-Jie Geng , Tian-Jie Xu , Ying Chen

We study the weakest model of quantum nondeterminism in which a classical proof has to be checked with probability one by a quantum protocol. We show the first separation between classical nondeterministic communication complexity and this…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-10-05 Francois Le Gall