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In this paper we approach the theory of continuous measurements and the associated unconditional and conditional (stochastic) master equations from the perspective of quantum information and quantum computing. We do so by showing how the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-03-15 Jonathan A. Gross , Carlton M. Caves , Gerard J. Milburn , Joshua Combes

A new quantum-stochastic differential calculus is derived for representing continuous quantum measurement of the position operator. Closed nonlinear quantum-stochastic differential equation is given for the quantum state of the observed…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-01-01 Lajos Diósi

We present a detailed derivation of the stochastic master equation determining the time evolution of the state of a general quantum system, which is placed inside a cavity and subjected to indirect measurements by monitoring the state of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-05-15 Anne E. B. Nielsen , Klaus Molmer

A semi-classical non-Hamiltonian model of a spontaneous collapse of unstable quantum system is given. The time evolution of the system becomes non-Hamiltonian at random instants of transition of pure states to reduced ones, given by a…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2009-11-11 V. P. Belavkin , P. Staszewski

This note starts with a recapitulation of what people call the ``Measurement Problem'' of Quantum Mechanics (QM). The dissipative nature of the quantum-mechanical time-evolution of averages of states over large ensembles of identical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-27 Jürg Fröhlich , Alessandro Pizzo

We derive the stochastic master equations which describe the evolution of open quantum systems in contact with a heat bath and undergoing indirect measurements. These equations are obtained as a limit of a quantum repeated measurement model…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2010-04-21 S Attal , C Pellegrini

We consider the temporal correlations of the quantum state of a qubit subject to simultaneous continuous measurement of two non-commuting qubit observables. Such qubit state correlators are defined for an ensemble of qubit trajectories,…

We derive stochastic master equations for a quantum system interacting with a Bose field prepared in a superposition of continuous-mode coherent states. To determine a conditional evolution of the quantum system we use a collision model…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-02-11 Anita Dabrowska

The theory of continuous quantum measurement allows to reconstruct the state $\rho_t$ of a system from a continuous stochastic measurement record $I_t$. However, this truly continuous-time signal $I_t$ is never available in practice. In…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-28 Pierre Guilmin , Pierre Rouchon , Antoine Tilloy

Quantum systems subjected to a continuous weak measurement process evolve according to stochastic differential equations (SDE). Depending on the outcomes of these stochastic measurements, the quantum state may diffuse in various directions…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-19 Alain Sarlette , Cyril Elouard , Pierre Rouchon

We determine filtering and master equations for a quantum system interacting with wave packet of light in a continuous-mode squeezed number state. We formulate the problem of conditional evolution of a quantum system making use of model of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-18 Anita Dąbrowska , Marcin Marciniak

We derive a master equation describing the evolution of a quantum system subjected to a sequence of observations. These measurements occur randomly at a given rate and can be of a very general form. As an example, we analyse the effects of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 James D. Cresser , Stephen M. Barnett , John Jeffers , David T. Pegg

The Master equation describes the time evolution of the probabilities of a system with a discrete state space. This time evolution approaches for long times a stationary state that will in general depend on the initial probability…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2022-03-09 Bernd Fernengel , Barbara Drossel

In this article we describe the incoherent and coherent spin and charge dynamics of a single electron quantum dot. We use a stochastic master equation to model the state of the system, as inferred by an observer with access to only the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-11-15 Eliska Greplova , Edward A. Laird , G. Andrew D. Briggs , Klaus Mølmer

The time-convolutionless quantum master equation is an exact description of the nonequilibrium dynamics of open quantum systems, with the advantage of being local in time. We derive a perturbative expansion to arbitrary order in the…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2019-03-14 Konstantin Nestmann , Carsten Timm

We consider a quantum system dynamics caused by successive selective and non-selective measurements of the probe coupled to the system. For the finite measurement rate $\tau^{-1}$ and the system-probe interaction strength $\gamma$ we derive…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-02-14 I. A. Luchnikov , S. N. Filippov

A quantum system S undergoing continuous time measurement is usually described by a jump-diffusion stochastic differential equation. Such an equation is called a stochastic master equation and its solution is called a quantum trajectory.…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2015-03-26 Tristan Benoist , Clement Pellegrini

We present a new procedure for quantum state reconstruction based on weak continuous measurement of an ensemble average. By applying controlled evolution to the initial state new information is continually mapped onto the measured…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Andrew Silberfarb , Poul S. Jessen , Ivan H. Deutsch

We illustrate the equivalence between the non-unitary evolution of an open quantum system governed by a Markovian master equation and a process of continuous measurements involving this system. We investigate a system of two coupled modes,…

Each scheme of state reconstruction comes down to parametrize the state of a quantum system by expectation values or probabilities directly measurable in an experiment. It is argued that the time evolution of these quantities provides an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-11-18 Stefan Weigert
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