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The simulation of quantum effects requires certain classical resources, and quantifying them is an important step in order to characterize the difference between quantum and classical physics. For a simulation of the phenomenon of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-11-10 Matthias Kleinmann , Otfried Gühne , José R. Portillo , Jan-Åke Larsson , Adán Cabello

Simulating quantum circuits on classical computers is a notoriously hard, yet increasingly important task for the development and testing of quantum algorithms. In order to alleviate this inherent complexity, efficient data structures and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-09-08 Lukas Burgholzer , Alexander Ploier , Robert Wille

Quantum-inspired classical algorithms has received much attention due to its exponential speedup compared to existing algorithms, under certain data storage assumptions. The improvements are noticeable in fundamental linear algebra tasks.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-08 Hyunho Cha , Jungwoo Lee

In a recent work arXiv:2201.07655v2 we showed that there is a constant $\lambda >0$ such that it is possible to efficiently classically simulate a quantum system in which (i) qudits are placed on the nodes of a graph, (ii) each qudit…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-04 Sahar Atallah , Michael Garn , Yukuan Tao , Shashank Virmani

(Abridged.) Quantum computers promise to solve some problems exponentially faster than traditional computers, but we still do not fully understand why this is the case. While the most studied model of quantum computation uses qubits, which…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-29 Cameron Calcluth

We present a benchmarking protocol for universal quantum computers, achieved through the simulation of random dynamical quantum maps. This protocol provides a holistic assessment of system-wide error rates, encapsulating both gate…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-04-30 Daniel Volya , Prabhat Mishra

We obtain sufficient conditions for the efficient simulation of a continuous variable quantum algorithm or process on a classical computer. The resulting theorem is an extension of the Gottesman-Knill theorem to continuous variable quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Stephen D. Bartlett , Barry C. Sanders , Samuel L. Braunstein , Kae Nemoto

We explore the question of state estimation for a qubit restricted to the $x$-$z$ plane of the Bloch sphere, with the trine measurement. In our earlier work [H. K. Ng and B.-G. Englert, eprint arXiv:1202.5136[quant-ph] (2012)], similarities…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-05 Hui Khoon Ng , Kia Tan Benjamin Phuah , Berthold-Georg Englert

Measurement-based quantum computation (MBQC) is a model of quantum computation, in which computation proceeds via adaptive single qubit measurements on a multi-qubit quantum state. It is computationally equivalent to the circuit model.…

We present strictly efficient schemes for scalable measurement-based quantum computing using continuous-variable systems: These schemes are based on suitable non-Gaussian resource states, ones that can be prepared using interactions of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-05-30 Matthias Ohliger , Jens Eisert

We contrast a minimalistic implementation of quantum k-means algorithm to classical k-means algorithm. With classical simulation results, we demonstrate a quantum performance, on and above par, with the classical k-means algorithm. We…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-26 Jiten Oswal , Saumya Biswas

We generalize the approach by Braunstein and Caves [Phys. Rev. Lett. 72, 3439 (1994)] to quantum multi-parameter estimation with general states. We derive a matrix bound of the classical Fisher information matrix due to each measurement…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-09-10 Jing Yang , Shengshi Pang , Yiyu Zhou , Andrew N. Jordan

Classical simulations of quantum circuits play a vital role in the development of quantum computers and for taking the temperature of the field. Here, we classically simulate various physically-motivated circuits using 2D tensor network…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-16 Manuel S. Rudolph , Joseph Tindall

We build a framework allowing for a systematic investigation of the issue: "Which quantum states are universal resources for one-way quantum computation?" We start by re-examining what is exactly meant by "universality" in quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-07-31 M. Van den Nest , W. Dür , A. Miyake , H. J. Briegel

The connection between certain entangled states and graphs has been heavily studied in the context of measurement-based quantum computation as a tool for understanding entanglement. Here we show that this correspondence can be harnessed in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-03-23 Liming Zhao , Carlos A. Pérez-Delgado , Joseph F. Fitzsimons

Classical and quantum states can be distinguished by entanglement entropy, which can be viewed as a measure of quantum resources. Entanglement entropy also plays a pivotal role in understanding computational complexity in simulating quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-09-26 Jiale Huang , Xiangjian Qian , Mingpu Qin

The simulation of quantum systems is a task for which quantum computers are believed to give an exponential speedup as compared to classical ones. While ground states of one-dimensional systems can be efficiently approximated using Matrix…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Norbert Schuch , Michael M. Wolf , Karl Gerd H. Vollbrecht , J. Ignacio Cirac

The tomographic picture of quantum mechanics has brought the description of quantum states closer to that of classical probability and statistics. On the other hand, the geometrical formulation of quantum mechanics introduces a metric…

We demonstrate that the spin-2 Affleck-Kennedy-Lieb-Tasaki (AKLT) state on the square lattice is a universal resource for the measurement-based quantum computation. Our proof is done by locally converting the AKLT to two-dimensional random…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-08-06 Tzu-Chieh Wei , Robert Raussendorf

Qubit-resolved operations and measurements are required for most current quantum information processing schemes. However, these operations can be experimentally costly due to the need for local addressing, demanding significant classical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-26 Liang Mao , Yifei Wang , Yingfei Gu , Chengshu Li