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We provide a necessary and sufficient condition for separability of Gaussian states of bipartite systems of arbitrarily many modes. The condition provides an operational criterion since it can be checked by simple computation. Moreover, it…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 G. Giedke , B. Kraus , M. Lewenstein , J. I. Cirac

Vacuum entanglement is a fundamental feature of quantum field theory exhibiting rich structure that is not completely understood. Here, we provide a complete characterization of the entanglement between two bounded spacelike-separated…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2026-05-25 Jason Pye , Atharva Hingane , Robert H. Jonsson

We investigate the separability properties of quantum states described by an extended Werner density matrix, where the classical component exhibits statistical dependence. By generalizing the classical part to allow correlations, we…

General Physics · Physics 2025-07-22 Toru Ohira

We calculate the vacuum (Casimir) energy for a scalar field with $\phi^4$ self-interaction in (1+1) dimensions non perturbatively, i.e., in all orders of the self-interaction. We consider massive and massless fields in a finite box with…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2021-02-15 M. Bordag

An alternative to introducing and subsequently renormalizing classical parameters in the expression for the vacuum energy of the MIT bag for quarks is proposed in the massless case by appealing to the QCD trace anomaly and scale separation…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2011-09-13 R. Hofmann , T. Gutsche , M. Schumann , R. D. Viollier

The second quantization of a real massless scalar field in the presence of a material medium described by a Drude-like susceptibility is here examined in a 1+1 dimensional model. The modified vacuum fluctuations of this field imprint…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-01-20 C. C. H. Ribeiro , V. A. De Lorenci

We study the interaction of two massive particles with a quantised gravitational field in its vacuum state using two different position observables: (i) a frame-dependent coordinate separation and (ii) a frame-independent geodesic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-22 Aaron R. Malcolm , Zhi-Wei Wang , B. Sharmila , Animesh Datta

Though known to be present, the accessibility of spacelike vacuum entanglement capable of being a fundamental resource for quantum information processing has remained in question at distances beyond the scale of vacuum fluctuations in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-15 Boyu Gao , Natalie Klco

In quantum theory the vacuum is defined as a state of minimum energy that is devoid of particles but still not completely empty. It is perhaps more surprising that its definition depends on the geometry of the system and on the trajectory…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-05-04 F. Intravaia

We consider the effects of homogeneous Dirichlet's boundary conditions on two infinite parallel plane surfaces separated by a small distance {\it a}. We find that although spontaneous symmetry breaking does not occur for the theory of a…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 Jose Alexandre Nogueira , Pedro Leite Barbieri

False vacuum decay in field theory may be formulated as a boundary value problem in Euclidean space. In a previous work, we studied its solution in single scalar field theories with quadratic gravity and used it to find obstructions to…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-02-22 Silvia Vicentini , Massimiliano Rinaldi

Classical and quantum complex nonlinear scalar fields are considered. A new approach to the quantization of nonlinear fields and the construction of a perturbation theory with allowance for spontaneous symmetry breaking is proposed, based…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2023-04-06 Yu. M. Poluektov

We present the first-principles quantization of a damped scalar field within the framework of classical action principle of non-conservative systems using doubled dynamical variables. We consider a non-conservative potential term…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-09-03 Kauship Saha , Sandeep Aashish

Behaviour of a weekly self-interacting scalar field with a small mass in the de Sitter background is investigated using the stochastic approach (including the case of a double-well interaction potential). Existence of the de Sitter…

Astrophysics · Physics 2010-04-06 Alexei A. Starobinsky , Jun'ichi Yokoyama

We study the separability of bipartite quantum systems in arbitrary dimensions using the Bloch representation of their density matrix. This approach enables us to find an alternative characterization of the separability problem, from which…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-05 Julio I. de Vicente

The contribution from quantum vacuum fluctuations of a real massless scalar field to the motion of a test particle that interacts with the field in the presence of a perfectly reflecting flat boundary is here investigated. There is no…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2018-08-03 G. H. Camargo , V. A. De Lorenci , C. C. H. Ribeiro , F. F. Rodrigues , M. M. Silva

The classical scalar massive field satisfying the Klein-Gordon equation in a finite one-dimensional space interval of periodically varying length with Dirichlet boundary conditions is studied. For the sufficiently small mass, the energy can…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2008-11-26 J. Dittrich , P. Duclos

We investigate the vacuum properties of a massless scalar field theory in constrained spatial geometry, namely, the instantaneous appearance of a thick Dirichlet boundary inside a one-dimensional (1D) Dirichlet cavity and divides it into…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2021-10-19 Saad Tail

We discuss several aspects of quantum field theory of a scalar field in a Friedmann universe, clarifying and highlighting several conceptual and technical issues. (A) We show that one can map the dynamics of (1) a massless scalar field in a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-01-17 Kinjalk Lochan , Karthik Rajeev , Amit Vikram , T. Padmanabhan

Divergences that arise in the quantization of scalar quantum field models by means of a lattice-space functional integration may be attributed to a single integration variable, and this fact is demonstrated by showing that if the integrand…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-26 John R. Klauder