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Identification of nonorthogonal quantum states without error is crucial for various applications in quantum information technology, as well as the foundations of quantum physics. Theoretical studies have proposed measurements that maximize…
We introduce a new information-theoretic formulation of quantum measurement uncertainty relations, based on the notion of relative entropy between measurement probabilities. In the case of a finite-dimensional system and for any approximate…
Uncertainty relations for a pair of arbitrary measurements and for a single measurement are posed in the form of inequalities using the Renyi entropies. The formulation deals with discrete observables. Both the relations with…
The equilibrium distribution function of a relativistic ideal gas has been derived to include the effect of angular momentum. The result agrees with the one obtained from kinetic theory, and consistent with relativistic thermodynamics. The…
When you measure an observable, A, in Quantum Mechanics, the state of the system changes. This, in turn, affects the quantum-mechanical uncertainty in some non-commuting observable, B. The standard Uncertainty Relation puts a lower bound on…
According to Heisenberg's uncertainty relation, there is an ultimate limit to how precisely we may predict the outcome of position and momentum measurements on a quantum system. We show that this limit may be violated by an arbitrarily…
Measurement is a fundamental notion in the usual approximate quantum mechanics of measured subsystems. Probabilities are predicted for the outcomes of measurements. State vectors evolve unitarily in between measurements and by reduction of…
In order to resolve and characterize anisotropy in turbulent plasma flows a proper estimation of the background magnetic field is crucially important. Various approaches to calculate the background magnetic fields, ranging from local fields…
Bayesian inference of gravitational wave signals is subject to systematic error due to modelling uncertainty in waveform signal models, coined approximants. A growing collection of approximants are available which use different approaches…
Estimating prevalence, the fraction of a population with a certain medical condition, is fundamental to epidemiology. Traditional methods rely on classification of test samples taken at random from a population. Such approaches to…
We investigate the uncertainty relation for estimating the position of one electron in a uniform magnetic field in the framework of the quantum estimation theory. Two kinds of momenta, canonical one and mechanical one, are used to generate…
We investigate the problem of shaping radially symmetric annular beams into desired intensity patterns along the optical axis. Within the Fresnel approximation, we show that this problem can be expressed in a variational form equivalent to…
It is proposed a possible new approach of quantum measurements (QMS), disconnected of the traditional interpretation of uncertainty relations and independent of any appeal to the strange idea of collapse (reduction) of wave functions. The…
The Orbital Angular Momentum (OAM) of light is an infinite-dimensional degree of freedom of light with several applications in both classical and quantum optics. However, to fully take advantage of the potential of OAM states, reliable…
Based on the q-exponential distribution which has been observed in more and more physical systems, the varentropy method is used to derive the uncertainty measure of such an abnormal distribution function. The uncertainty measure obtained…
Unsolved controversies about uncertainty relations and quantum measurements still persists nowadays. They originate around the shortcomings regarding the conventional interpretation of uncertainty relations. Here we show that the respective…
In nature, active inference agents must learn how observations of the world represent the state of the agent. In engineering, the physics behind sensors is often known reasonably accurately and measurement functions can be incorporated into…
We show that for fermion states, measurements of any two finite outcome particle quantum numbers (e.g.\ spin) are not constrained by a minimum total uncertainty. We begin by defining uncertainties in terms of the outputs of a measurement…
Bayesian statistics is based on the subjective definition of probability as {\it ``degree of belief''} and on Bayes' theorem, the basic tool for assigning probabilities to hypotheses combining {\it a priori} judgements and experimental…
New forms of electron beams have been intensively investigated recently, including vortex beams carrying orbital angular momentum, as well as Airy beams propagating along a parabolic trajectory. Their traits may be harnessed for…