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We report the implementation of Grover's quantum search algorithm in the scalable system of trapped atomic ion quantum bits. Any one of four possible states of a two-qubit memory is marked, and following a single query of the search space,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-11 K. -A. Brickman , P. C. Haljan , P. J. Lee , M. Acton , L. Deslauriers , C. Monroe

Grover's database search algorithm, although discovered in the context of quantum computation, can be implemented using any system that allows superposition of states. A physical realization of this algorithm is described using coupled…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-06-13 Apoorva Patel

Since Grover's seminal work, quantum search has been studied in great detail. In the usual search problem, we have a collection of n items and we would like to find a marked item. We consider a new variant of this problem in which…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Andris Ambainis

A generalized quantum search algorithm, where phase inversions for the marked state and the prepared state are replaced by $\pi/2$ phase rotations, is realized in a 2-qubit NMR heteronuclear system. The quantum algorithm searches a marked…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-06 G. L. Long , H. Y. Yan , Y. S. Li , C. C. Tu , J. X. Tao , H. M. Chen , M. L. Liu , X. Zhang , J. Luo , L. Xiao , X. Z. Zeng

We review some of quantum algorithms for search problems: Grover's search algorithm, its generalization to amplitude amplification, the applications of amplitude amplification to various problems and the recent quantum algorithms based on…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-05-12 Andris Ambainis

Quantum Search Algorithm made a big impact by being able to solve the search problem for a set with $N$ elements using only $O(\sqrt{N})$ steps. Unfortunately, it is impossible to reduce the order of the complexity of this problem, however,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-07-25 Umut Çalıkyılmaz , Sadi Turgut

We generalize Grover's unstructured quantum search algorithm to enable it to use an arbitrary starting superposition and an arbitrary unitary matrix simultaneously. We derive an exact formula for the probability of the generalized Grover's…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-12-18 Robert Gingrich , Colin P. Williams , Nicolas Cerf

An algebraic analysis of Grover's quantum search algorithm is presented for the case in which the initial state is an arbitrary pure quantum state of n qubits. This approach reveals the geometrical structure of the quantum search process,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-11 D. Shapira , Y. Shimoni , O. Biham

We firstly investigate the multipartite entanglement features of the quantum states, including the iteration states achieved by repeated application of Grover iteration and the Oracle ones into which the above iteration states evolve by…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-10-15 Ri Qu , Juan Wang , Zong-shang Li , Su-li Zhao , Yan-ru Bao , Xiao-chun Cao

Grover's algorithm solves the unstructured search problem. Grover's algorithm can find the target state with certainty only if searching one out of four. Designing the deterministic search algorithm can avoid any repetition of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-14 Zhen Wang , Kun Zhang , Vladimir Korepin

An algorithm for structured database searching is presented and used to solve the set partition problem. O(n) oracle calls are required in order to obtain a solution, but the probability that this solution is optimal decreases exponentially…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Brian Murphy

We consider the problem of finding one or more desired items out of an unsorted database. Patel has shown that if the database permits quantum queries, then mere digitization is sufficient for efficient search for one desired item. The…

Databases · Computer Science 2009-09-30 Heping Hu , Yingyu Zhang , Zhengding Lu

The recursion equation analysis of Grover's quantum search algorithm presented by Biham et al. [PRA 60, 2742 (1999)] is generalized. It is applied to the large class of Grover's type algorithms in which the Hadamard transform is replaced by…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-09-08 Eli Biham , Ofer Biham , David Biron , Markus Grassl , Daniel A. Lidar , Daniel Shapira

This paper presents an enhancement to Grover's search algorithm for instances where the number of items (or the size of the search problem) $N$ is not a power of 2. By employing an efficient algorithm for the preparation of uniform quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-06 Alok Shukla , Prakash Vedula

It is suggested that the individual outcomes of a measurement process can be understood within standard quantum mechanics in terms of the measuring apparatus, treated as a quantum computer, executing Grover's search algorithm.

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Manoj K. Samal , Partha Ghose

The Grover search algorithm performs an unstructured search of a marked item in a database quadratically faster than classical algorithms and is shown to be optimal. Here, we show that if the search space is divided into two blocks with the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-12-12 Akankshya Dash , Biswaranjan Panda , Arun K Pati

Grover's quantum search algorithm is considered as one of the milestone in the field of quantum computing. The algorithm can search for a single match in a database with $N$ records in $O(\sqrt{N})$ assuming that the item must exist in the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-12-01 Ahmed Younes

Grover's algorithm is one of the pioneering demonstrations of the advantages of quantum computing over its classical counterpart, providing - at most - a quadratic speed-up over the classical solution for unstructured database search. The…

The hardness to solve an unstructured quantum search problem by a standard quantum search algorithm mainly originates from the low efficiency to amplify the amplitude of the marked state by the oracle unitary operation associated with other…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-09-08 Xijia Miao

The research community has been actively working on the realization of quantum computer. But the large scale commercial quantum computers are not a reality yet quantum computing field has become richer by day with the advent of algorithms…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-04-06 Ayan Chattopadhyay , Vikram Menon