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Suzuki-Trotter decompositions of exponential operators like $\exp(Ht)$ are required in almost every branch of numerical physics. Often the exponent under consideration has to be split into more than two operators $H=\sum_k A_k$, for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-06-19 Johann Ostmeyer

Lie-Trotter-Suzuki decompositions are an efficient way to approximate operator exponentials $\exp(t H)$ when $H$ is a sum of $n$ (non-commuting) terms which, individually, can be exponentiated easily. They are employed in time-evolution…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-07-06 Thomas Barthel , Yikang Zhang

We present a decomposition scheme based on Lie-Trotter-Suzuki product formulae to represent an ordered operator exponential as a product of ordinary operator exponentials. We provide a rigorous proof that does not use a time-displacement…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2010-03-05 Nathan Wiebe , Dominic W. Berry , Peter Hoyer , Barry C. Sanders

Dissipation and irreversibility are central to most physical processes, yet they lead to non-unitary dynamics that are challenging to realise on quantum processors. High-order operator splitting is an attractive approach for simulating…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-17 Peter Brearley , Philipp Pfeffer

Suzuki-Trotter decompositions of exponential operators like $\exp(Ht)$ are required in almost every branch of numerical physics. Often the exponent under consideration has to be split into more than two operators, for instance as local…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-03-15 Johann Ostmeyer

Efficient fourth order symplectic integrators are proposed for numerical integration of separable Hamiltonian systems H(p,q)=T(p)+V(q). Symmetric splitting coefficients with five to nine stages are obtained by higher order decomposition of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-02-10 Kristian Mads Egeris Nielsen

Prior to the recent development of symplectic integrators, the time-stepping operator $\e^{h(A+B)}$ was routinely decomposed into a sum of products of $\e^{h A}$ and $\e^{hB}$ in the study of hyperbolic partial differential equations. In…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2010-05-14 Siu A. Chin , Jurgen Geiser

We consider the numerical integration of non-autonomous separable parabolic equations using high order splitting methods with complex coefficients (methods with real coefficients of order greater than two necessarily have negative…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2014-05-20 Muaz Seydaoğlu , Sergio Blanes

In the present article, we review a continual effort on generalization of the Trotter formula to higher-order exponential product formulas. The exponential product formula is a good and useful approximant, particularly because it conserves…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2011-11-10 Naomichi Hatano , Masuo Suzuki

We introduce a high-order numerical scheme for fractional ordinary differential equations with the Caputo derivative. The method is developed by dividing the domain into a number of subintervals, and applying the quadratic interpolation on…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-02-25 Junying Cao , Zhenning Cai

Exponential operator decompositions are an important tool in many fields of physics, for example, in quantum control, quantum computation, or condensed matter physics. In this work, we present a method for obtaining such decompositions,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-10-19 Seckin Sefi , Peter van Loock

Hamiltonian systems are known to conserve the Hamiltonian function, which describes the energy evolution over time. Obtaining a numerical spatio-temporal scheme that accurately preserves the discretized Hamiltonian function is often a…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-10-10 Anand Srinivasan , Jose E. Castillo

We present a decomposition formula for $U_n$, an integral of time-ordered products of operators, in terms of sums of products of the more primitive quantities $C_m$, which are the integrals of time-ordered commutators of the same operators.…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-06-26 C. S. Lam

It is necessary to calculate the C operator for the non-Hermitian PT-symmetric Hamiltonian H=\half p^2+\half\mu^2x^2-\lambda x^4 in order to demonstrate that H defines a consistent unitary theory of quantum mechanics. However, the C…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-11-26 Carl M. Bender , Dorje C. Brody , Hugh F. Jones

A variable stepsize exponential multistep integrator, with contour integral approximation of the operator-valued exponential functions, is proposed for solving semilinear parabolic equations with nonsmooth initial data. By this approach,…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-11-17 Buyang Li , Shu Ma

We provide a recursive method for constructing product formula approximations to exponentials of commutators, giving the first approximations that are accurate to arbitrarily high order. Using these formulas, we show how to approximate…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-11-22 Andrew M. Childs , Nathan Wiebe

Quantum Hamiltonians containing nonseparable products of non-commuting operators, such as $\hat{\bf x}^m \hat{\bf p}^n$, are problematic for numerical studies using split-operator techniques since such products cannot be represented as a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-03-15 Maximilian Ciric , Denys I. Bondar , Ole Steuernagel

This work provides a rigorous and self-contained introduction to numerical methods for Hamiltonian simulation in quantum computing, with a focus on high-order product formulas for efficiently approximating the time evolution of quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-16 Javier Lopez-Cerezo

In this paper, we develop high-order splitting methods for linear port-Hamiltonian systems, focusing on preserving their intrinsic structure, particularly the dissipation inequality. Port-Hamiltonian systems are characterized by their…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2024-09-16 Marius Mönch , Nicole Marheineke

Product formula methods, particularly the second-order Suzuki decomposition, are an important tool for simulating quantum dynamics on quantum computers due to their simplicity and unitarity preservation. While higher-order schemes have been…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-08 Matthew A Lane , Dan E Browne
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