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The Bell inequalities in three and four correlations are re-derived in general forms showing that three and four data sets, respectively, identically satisfy them regardless of whether they are random, deterministic, measured, predicted, or…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-06-24 Louis Sica

One obtains Bell's inequalities if one posits a hypothetical joint probability distribution, or {\it measure}, whose marginals yield the probabilities produced by the spin measurements in question. The existence of a joint measure is in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-04-14 David Craig , Fay Dowker , Joe Henson , Seth Major , David Rideout , Rafael D. Sorkin

We test the quantumness of IBM's quantum computer IBM Quantum System One in Ehningen, Germany. We generate generalised n-qubit GHZ states and measure Bell inequalities to investigate the n-party entanglement of the GHZ states. The…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-27 Jelena Mackeprang , Daniel Bhatti , Stefanie Barz

We develop a means of simulating the evolution and measurement of a multipartite quantum state under discrete or continuous evolution using another quantum system with states and operators lying in a real Hilbert space. This extends…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-10-26 Matthew McKague , Michele Mosca , Nicolas Gisin

We consider dynamics of hidden variables for measurements in a generalized bell-type model for a single spin using natural assumptions. The evolution of the system, which can be expressed as dynamic chaos is studied. The equilibrium state…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-12-31 Yu. I. Bogdanov

Bell inequalities were meant to test quantum mechanics vs local hidden variable models, but can also be used to verify entanglement. For entanglement verification purposes one assumes the validity of quantum mechanics as well as quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-13 Pavel Lougovski , S. J. van Enk

Quantum fidelity is a measure to quantify the closeness of two quantum states. In an operational sense, it is defined as the minimal overlap between the probability distributions of measurement outcomes and the minimum is taken over all…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-07-24 Changhun Oh , Changhyoup Lee , Leonardo Banchi , Su-Yong Lee , Carsten Rockstuhl , Hyunseok Jeong

Quantum measurements are not deterministic. For this reason quantum measurements are repeated for a number of shots on identically prepared systems. The uncertainty in each measurement depends on the number of shots and the expected outcome…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-12 Pieter Thijs Eendebak

We consider typical experiments that use Bell-inequalities to test local-realist theories of quantum mechanics and gain insight into how certain results can be obtained. We see that results against local-realism arise from some `quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-08-29 Dale Hodgson

Bell's theorem states that no local hidden variable model is compatible with quantum mechanics. Surprisingly, even if we release the locality constraint, certain nonlocal hidden variable models, such as the one proposed by Leggett, may…

We study an analog quantum simulator coupled to a reservoir with a known spectral density. The reservoir perturbs the quantum simulation by causing decoherence. The simulator is used to measure an operator average, which cannot be…

We analyze nonclassical correlations between outcomes of measurements conducted on two spatial radiation modes. These correlations cannot be simulated with statistical mixtures of coherent states or, more generally, with non-negative…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-07-01 V. S. Kovtoniuk , I. S. Yeremenko , S. Ryl , W. Vogel , A. A. Semenov

Theoretical methods for empirical state determination of entangled two-level systems are analyzed in relation to information theory. We show that hidden variable theories would lead to a Shannon index of correlation between the entangled…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Y. Ben-Aryeh , A. Mann , B. C. Sanders

The non-Hermitian paradigm of quantum systems displays salient features drastically different from Hermitian counterparts. In this work, we focus on one such aspect, the difference of evolving quantum ensembles under $H_{\mathrm{nh}}$…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-03 Soumik Bandyopadhyay , Philipp Hauke , Sudipto Singha Roy

We introduce the notion of hidden quantum correlations. We present the mean values of observables depending on one classical random variable described by the probability distribution in the form of correlation functions of two (three, etc.)…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-07-23 Margarita A. Man'ko , Vladimir I. Man'ko

The purpose of this short tutorial paper is to review various criteria that have been used to characterize the quantum character of correlations in optical systems, such as "gemellity", QND correlation, intrication, EPR correlation and Bell…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Nicolas Treps , Claude Fabre

In a previous paper tests for entanglement for two mode systems involving identical massive bosons were obtained. In the present paper we consider sufficiency tests for EPR steering in such systems. We find that spin squeezing in any spin…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-01-22 Bryan J Dalton , Barry M Garraway , Margaret D Reid

Naive attempts to put together relativity and quantum measurements lead to signaling between space-like separated regions. In QFT, these are known as impossible measurements. We show that the same problem arises in non-relativistic quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-02-28 Nicolas Gisin , Flavio Del Santo

Recently, singlet-triplet measurements in double dots have emerged as a powerful tool in quantum information processing. In parallel, quantum dot arrays are being envisaged as analog quantum simulators of many-body models. Thus motivated,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-11-23 Johnnie Gray , Abolfazl Bayat , Reuben K. Puddy , Charles G. Smith , Sougato Bose

Bell's theorem supposedly demonstrates an irreconcilable conflict between quantum mechanics and local, realistic hidden variable theories. Most proofs of Bell's theorem, are based on inequalities. In this paper we present an alternative…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-10 Andrea Aiello