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Quantum correlations are critical to our understanding of nature, with far-reaching technological and fundamental impact. These often manifest as violations of Bell's inequalities, bounds derived from the assumptions of locality and…

Various Bell inequalities are trivial algebraic properties satisfied by each line of particular data spreadsheets.It is surprising that their violation in some experiments, allows to speculate about the existence of nonlocal influences in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-09-25 Marian Kupczynski

Quantum theory predicts and experiments confirm that nature can produce correlations between distant events that are nonlocal in the sense of violating a Bell inequality. Nevertheless, Bell's strong sentence {\it Correlations cry out for…

Besides well-known conditions of locality or factorisability, deriving the Bell inequalities requires assuming that the distribution of hidden variables and Alice's and Bob's measurement settings be independent of each other. We show that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-13 G. Bacciagaluppi , R. Hermens , G. Leegwater

A 1964 paper by John Bell gave the first demonstration that quantum mechanics is incompatible with local hidden variables. There is an ongoing and vigorous debate on whether he relied on an assumption of determinism, or instead, as he later…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-06-26 Michael J. W. Hall

EPR showed that two particles emitted from a source can be entangled by a shared wavefunction where two non-commuting observables (position, momentum) can be simultaneously real, leading to a contradiction with quantum mechanics (two…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-12 Mafiz Uddin

A large number of physicists now admit that quantum mechanics is a non local theory. The EPR argument and the many experiments (including recent loop-hole free tests) showing the violation of Bell's inequalities seem to have confirmed…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-11-13 Hervé Zwirn

According to recent reports, the last loopholes in testing Bell's inequality are closed. It is argued that the really important task in this field has not been tackled yet and that the leading experiments claiming to close locality and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 L. Vaidman

In the first part of this presentation (sections 2 to 6), I show that Bell's Inequalities provide a quantitative criterion to test "reasonable" Supplementary Parameters Theories versus Quantum Mechanics. Following Bell, I first explain the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Alain Aspect

The reason for recalling this old paper is the ongoing discussion on the attempts of circumventing certain assumptions leading to the Bell theorem (Hess-Philipp, Accardi). If I correctly understand the intentions of these Authors, the idea…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-26 Marek Czachor

Quantum mechanics is a nonlocal theory, but not as nonlocal as the no-signalling principle allows. However, there exist quantum correlations that exhibit maximal nonlocality: they are as nonlocal as any non-signalling correlations and thus…

The view exists that the Bell inequality is a mere inconsistent application of classical concepts to a well-established quantum world. In the article, ``Nonlocality claims are inconsistent with Hilbert-space quantum mechanics'' [Phys. Rev.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-12-22 Justo Pastor Lambare

The predictions of quantum mechanics cannot be resolved with a completely classical view of the world. In particular, the statistics of space-like separated measurements on entangled quantum systems violate a Bell inequality. We put forward…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-04-27 Matty J. Hoban

Measurements in quantum theory can fail to be jointly measurable. Like entanglement, this incompatibility of measurements is necessary but not sufficient for violating Bell inequalities. The (in)compatibility relations among a set of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-11-21 Shiv Akshar Yadavalli , Nikola Andrejic , Ravi Kunjwal

What violations of Bell inequalities teach us is that the world is quantum mechanical, i.e., nonclassical. Assertions that they imply the world is nonlocal arise from ignoring differences between quantum and classical physics.

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-04-17 Robert B. Griffiths

A recent Nature Physics editorial (Nat. Phys. (2022) 18, 961) falsely claims ``any theory that uses hidden variables still requires non-local physics.'' We correct this claim and explain why it is important to get this right.

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-12-14 Jonte R. Hance , Sabine Hossenfelder

We prove a version of Bell's Theorem in which the Locality assumption is weakened. We start by assuming theoretical quantum mechanics and weak forms of relativistic causality and of realism (essentially the fact that observable values are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-11-05 Alejandro Cabrera , Edson de Faria , Enrique Pujals , Charles Tresser

Explaining observations in terms of causes and effects is central to all of empirical science. Correlations between entangled quantum particles, however, seem to defy such an explanation. To recover a causal picture in this case, some of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-09-05 M. Ringbauer , C. Giarmatzi , R. Chaves , F. Costa , A. G. White , A. Fedrizzi

The Bell inequality constrains the outcomes of measurements on pairs of distant entangled particles. The Bell contradiction states that the Bell inequality is inconsistent with the calculated outcomes of these quantum experiments. This…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-03 Kees van Hee , Kees van Berkel , Jan de Graaf

Hance and Hossenfelder recently claim that the extensive experimental confirmations of Bell's Theorem do not in fact demonstrate that nature is nonlocal, but merely that nature can be local only if the distant detector settings in a…

General Physics · Physics 2024-10-10 Kent A. Peacock