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Recent progress in electro-optic sampling has allowed direct access to the fluctuations of the electromagnetic ground state. Here, we present a theoretical formalism that allows for an in-depth characterisation and interpretation of such…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-10-28 Frieder Lindel , Robert Bennett , Stefan Yoshi Buhmann

Ambiguous measurements do not reveal complete information about the system under test. Their quantum-mechanical counterparts are semi-weak (or in the limit, weak-) measurements and here we discuss their role in tests of the Leggett-Garg…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-10-11 Clive Emary

In quantum physics, measurement error and disturbance were first naively thought to be simply constrained by the Heisenberg uncertainty relation. Later, more rigorous analysis showed that the error and disturbance satisfy more subtle…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-02 Atsushi Nishizawa , Yanbei Chen

Understanding the core content of quantum mechanics requires us to disentangle the hidden logical relationships between the postulates of this theory. Here we show that the mathematical structure of quantum measurements, the formula for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-04-02 Lluís Masanes , Thomas D. Galley , Markus P. Müller

This essay argues that when measurement processes involve energies of the order of the Planck scale, the fundamental assumption of locality may no longer be a good approximation. Idealized position measurements of two distinguishable…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 D. V. Ahluwalia

The problem of measurement is often considered as an inconsistency inside the quantum formalism. Many attempts to solve (or to dissolve) it have been made since the inception of quantum mechanics. The form of these attempts depends on the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-04-20 Herve Zwirn

The so-called measurement problem of quantum theory (QT) is still lacking a satisfactory, or at least widely agreed upon, solution. A number of theories, known as interpretations of quantum theory, have been proposed and found differing…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-11-26 Hans H. Diel

The field of quantum metrology seeks to apply quantum techniques and/or resources to classical sensing approaches with the goal of enhancing the precision in the estimation of a parameter beyond what can be achieved with classical…

We study quantum steering experiments without assuming that the trusted party can perfectly control their measurement device. Instead, we introduce a scenario in which these measurements are subject to small imprecision. We show that small…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-02-19 Armin Tavakoli

The status of the uncertainty relations varies between the different interpretations of quantum mechanics. The aim of the current paper is to explore their meanings within a certain neo-Everettian many worlds interpretation. We will also…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-04-21 Dominic Horsman

We derive a state dependent error-disturbance trade-off based on a statistical distance in the sequential measurements of a pair of noncommutative observables and experimentally verify the relation with a photonic qubit system. We…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-03-27 Ya-Li Mao , Zhi-Hao Ma , Rui-Bo Jin , Qi-Chao Sun , Shao-Ming Fei , Qiang Zhang , Jingyun Fan , Jian-Wei Pan

Simultaneous estimation of multiple parameters in quantum metrological models is complicated by factors relating to the (i) existence of a single probe state allowing for optimal sensitivity for all parameters of interest, (ii) existence of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-02-01 Sammy Ragy , Marcin Jarzyna , Rafal Demkowicz-Dobrzanski

The quantum mechanical version of a classical model for studying the orientational degrees of freedom corresponding to a nematic liquid composed of biaxial molecules is presented. The effective degrees of freedom are described by operators…

Condensed Matter · Physics 2009-10-31 Jorge Alfaro , Oscar Cubero , Luis F. Urrutia

A new approach to the problem of measurement in quantum mechanics is proposed. In this approach, the process of measurement is described in the Heisenberg picture and divided into two stages. The first stage is to transduce the measured…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Masanao Ozawa

Quantum state tomography is the task of inferring the state of a quantum system by appropriate measurements. Since the frequency distributions of the outcomes of any finite number of measurements will generally deviate from their asymptotic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-11-08 Matthias Christandl , Renato Renner

In textbooks, ideal quantum measurements are described in terms of the tested system only by the collapse postulate and Born's rule. This level of description offers a rather flexible position for the interpretation of quantum mechanics.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-09-28 Theo M. Nieuwenhuizen , Marti Perarnau-Llobet , Roger Balian

I visually explore the features of geodesic orbits in arbitrary stationary axisymmetric vacuum (SAV) spacetimes that are constructed from a complex Ernst potential. Some of the geometric features of integrable and chaotic orbits are…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Jeandrew Brink

Quantum mechanics predicts the joint probability distributions of the outcomes of simultaneous measurements of commuting observables, but the current formulation lacks the operational definition of simultaneous measurements. In order to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-06 Masanao Ozawa

We show that partial transposition for pure and mixed two-particle states in a discrete $N$-dimensional Hilbert space is equivalent to a change in sign of a "momentum-like" variable of one of the particles in the Wigner function for the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-05-29 Yehuda B. Band , Pier A. Mello

We attempt to contribute some novel points of view to the "foundations of quantum mechanics", using mathematical tools from "quantum probability theory" (such as the theory of operator algebras). We first introduce an abstract algebraic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-10-08 J. Fröhlich , B. Schubnel