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The purpose of this article is to show that the introduction of hidden variables to describe individual events is fully consistent with the statistical predictions of quantum theory. We illustrate the validity of this assertion by…
We define quantum-like probabilistic behaviour as behaviour which is impossible to describe by using the classical probability model. We discuss the conjecture that cognitive behaviour is quantum-like. There is presented the scheme for an…
Long-range quantum correlations between particles are usually formulated by assuming the persistence of an entangled state after the particles have spearated. Here this approach is re-examined based upon studying the correlations present in…
We consider the problem of representation of quantum states and observables in the framework of classical probability theory (Kolmogorov's measure-theoretic axiomatics, 1933). Our aim is to show that, in spite of the common opinion,…
To date, most efforts to demonstrate quantum nonlocality have concentrated on systems of two (or very few) particles. It is however difficult in many experiments to address individual particles, making it hard to highlight the presence of…
A Bell test can rule out local realistic models, and has potential applications in communications and information tasks. For example, a Bell inequality violation can certify the presence of intrinsic randomness in measurement outcomes,…
Recently quantum nonlocality has been classified into three distinct types: quantum entanglement, Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen steering, and Bell's nonlocality. Among which, Bell's nonlocality is the strongest type. Bell's nonlocality for…
Derivation and experimental violation of Bell-like inequalities involve the measurement of in-compatible observables. Simple complementarity forbids the existence of such joint probabilitydistribution. Moreover, the measurement of…
In this paper I demonstrate that the quantum correlations of polarization (or spin) observables used in Bell's argument against local realism have to be interpreted as {\it conditional} quantum correlations. By taking into account…
An Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR)-like argument using events separated by a time-like interval strongly suggestes that measuring the polarization state of a photon of an entangled pair changes the polarization state of the other distant…
Incompatible observables can be approximated by compatible observables in joint measurement or measured sequentially, with constrained accuracy as implied by Heisenberg's original formulation of the uncertainty principle. Recently, Busch,…
We introduce Bell inequalities based on covariance, one of the most common measures of correlation. Explicit examples are discussed, and violations in quantum theory are demonstrated. A crucial feature of these covariance Bell inequalities…
This paper is aimed to dissociate nonlocality from quantum theory. We demonstrate that the tests on violation of the Bell type inequalities are simply statistical tests of local incompatibility of observables. In fact, these are tests on…
We provide a novel criterion for identifying quantum correlation, which allows us to find connections between Bell type inequalities, entanglement detection, and correlation. We utilize the criterion to construct witness operators that can…
For a system composed of two particles Bell's theorem asserts that averages of physical quantities determined from local variables must conform to a family of inequalities. In this work we show that a classical model containing a local…
The generation and detection of maximally-entangled two-particle states, `Bell states,' are crucial tasks in many quantum information protocols such as cryptography and teleportation. Unfortunately, they require strong inter-particle…
Bell inequalities reveal the fundamentally nonlocal character of quantum mechanics. In this regard, one of the interesting problems is to explore all possible Bell inequalities that demonstrate a gap between local and nonlocal quantum…
We examine the satisfaction of Bell criteria for single realizations of quantum systems. This is possible via the joint noisy measurement of all observables involved in the Bell test.We readily find that every outcome violates Bell bounds…
Bell inequalities rely on an assumption that the probabilities of adopting configurations of hidden variables describing a system prior to measurement are independent of the choice of measured physical property, also known as measurement…
We report the measurement of a Bell inequality violation with a single atom and a single photon prepared in a probabilistic entangled state. This is the first demonstration of such a violation with particles of different species. The…