Related papers: Homodyne measurement of average photon number
Homodyne tomography - i. e. homodyning while scanning the local oscillator phase - is now a well assessed method for ``measuring'' the quantum state. In this paper I will show how it can be used as a kind of universal detection, for…
Homodyne measurement is a corner-stone of quantum optics. It measures the fundamental variables of quantum electrodynamics - the quadratures of light, which represent the cosine-wave and sine-wave components of an optical field and…
A new method is described for determining the quantum correlations at different times in optical pulses by using balanced homodyne detection. The signal pulse and sequences of ultrashort test pulses are superimposed, where for chosen…
The standard technique for measuring the phase of a single mode field is heterodyne detection. Such a measurement may have an uncertainty far above the intrinsic quantum phase uncertainty of the state. Recently it has been shown [H. M.…
We experimentally study optical homodyne and heterodyne detections with a same setup, which is flexible to manipulate the signal sideband modulation. When the modulation only generate a single signal sideband, the light field measurement by…
We review experimental work on the measurement of the quantum state of optical fields, and the relevant theoretical background. The basic technique of optical homodyne tomography is described with particular attention paid to the role…
Homodyne detection is one of the ways to circumvent the standard quantum limit for a gravitational wave detector. In this paper it will be shown that the same quantum-non-demolition effect using homodyne detection can be realized by…
We study the problem of determining the photon number statistics of an unknown quantum state by simultaneously measuring conjugate quadratures with double homodyne detectors. Classically, the sum of the squared outputs of the two homodyne…
The distributed absorption of photons in photodiodes induces an excess noise in continuous-wave photodetection above the transit-time roll-off frequency. We show that it can be treated as a frequency-dependent excess optical loss in…
We discuss a balanced homodyne detection scheme with imperfect detectors in the framework of the operational approach to quantum measurement. We show that a realistic homodyne measurement is described by a family of operational observables…
Homodyne detection is a phase-sensitive measurement technique, essential for the characterization of continuous-variable (CV)-encoded quantum states of light. It is a key component to the implementation of CV quantum-information protocols…
A method is introduced which allows to measure normal-ordered moments of the displaced photon-number operator up to high orders. It is based on unbalanced homodyne correlation measurements, the local oscillator being replaced by a displaced…
Measuring the power spectral density of a stochastic process, such as a stochastic force or magnetic field, is a fundamental task in many sensing applications. Quantum noise is becoming a major limiting factor to such a task in future…
The homodyne detection is one of the most basic tools for identifying the quantum state of light. It has been used to detect useful non-local properties, such as entanglement for the quantum teleportation and distillability of a secret key…
We obtain the standard quadrature-phase positive operator-valued measure (POVM) for homodyne detection directly and rigorously from the POVM for photon counting without directly employing the mean field approximation for the local…
Homo- and heterodyne detection are fundamental techniques for measuring propagating electromagnetic fields. However, applying these techniques to stationary fields confined in cavities poses a challenge. As a way to overcome this challenge,…
Quantum tomography is a procedure to determine the quantum state of a physical system, or equivalently, to estimate the expectation value of any operator. It consists in appropriately averaging the outcomes of the measurement results of…
Optical homodyne detection has found use in a range of quantum technologies as both a characterisation tool and as a way to post-selectively generate non-linearities. So far optical implementations have been limited to bulk optics. Here we…
Quantum properties of optical modes are typically assessed by observing their photon statistics or the distribution of their quadratures. Both particle- and wave-like behaviours deliver important information, and each may be used as a…
We present a comprehensive theory and an easy to follow method for the design and construction of a wideband homodyne detector for time-domain quantum measurements. We show how one can evaluate the performance of a detector in a specific…