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Being a very promising technology, with impressive advances in the recent years, it is still unclear how quantum computing will scale to satisfy the requirements of its most powerful applications. Although continued progress in the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-09-18 Santiago Rodrigo , Sergi Abadal , Eduard Alarcón , Carmen G. Almudever

The transition to the fault-tolerant era exposes the limitations of homogeneous quantum systems, where no single qubit modality simultaneously offers optimal operation speed, connectivity, and scalability. In this work, we propose a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-16 Xiang Fang , Jixuan Ruan , Sharanya Prabhu , Ang Li , Travis Humble , Dean Tullsen , Yufei Ding

This paper presents the definition and implementation of a quantum computer architecture to enable creating a new computational device - a quantum computer as an accelerator In this paper, we present explicitly the idea of a quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-05-18 K. Bertels , A. Sarkar , A. Krol , R. Budhrani , J. Samadi , E. Geoffroy , J. Matos , R. Abreu , G. Gielen , I. Ashraf

Fault tolerance is a long-term objective driving many companies and research organizations to compete in making current, imperfect quantum computers useful - Quantum Utility (QU). It looks promising to achieve this by leveraging software…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-09-27 Markiian Tsymbalista , Ihor Katernyak

Quantum Data Centers (QDCs) are needed to support large-scale quantum processing for both academic and commercial applications. While large-scale quantum computers are constrained by technological and financial barriers, a modular approach…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-12 Yufeng Xin , Liang Zhang

Quantum computation must be performed in a fault-tolerant manner to be realizable in practice. Recent progress has uncovered quantum error-correcting codes with sparse connectivity requirements and constant qubit overhead. Existing schemes…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-20 Dominic J. Williamson , Theodore J. Yoder

Recent advances in solid-state qubit technology are paving the way to fault-tolerant quantum computing systems. However, qubit technology is limited by qubit coherence time and by the complexity of coupling the quantum system with a…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2017-04-25 Harald Homulle , Stefan Visser , Bishnu Patra , Giorgio Ferrari , Enrico Prati , Fabio Sebastiano , Edoardo Charbon

Quantum computation promises significant computational advantages over classical computation for some problems. However, quantum hardware suffers from much higher error rates than in classical hardware. As a result, extensive quantum error…

As quantum computing progresses, the need for scalable solutions to address large-scale computational problems has become critical. Quantum supercomputers are the next upcoming frontier by enabling multiple quantum processors to collaborate…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-20 Peiyi Li , Chenxu Liu , Ji Liu , Huiyang Zhou , Ang Li

I discuss a variety of issues relating to near-future experiments demonstrating fault-tolerant quantum computation. I describe a family of fault-tolerant quantum circuits that can be performed with 5 qubits arranged on a ring with…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-10-17 Daniel Gottesman

In this short review, I draw attention to new developments in the theory of fault tolerance in quantum computation that may give concrete direction to future work in the development of superconducting qubit systems. The basics of quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-13 David P. DiVincenzo

A major hurdle for building a large-scale quantum computer is increasing the number of qubits while maintaining connectivity between them. In trapped-ion devices, this connectivity can be achieved by moving subregisters consisting of a few…

Quantum computing exploits quantum phenomena such as superposition and entanglement to realize a form of parallelism that is not available to traditional computing. It offers the potential of significant computational speed-ups in quantum…

Logical gates constitute the building blocks of fault-tolerant quantum computation. While quantum error-corrected memories have been extensively studied in the literature, explicit constructions and detailed analyses of thresholds and…

Quantum Layout Synthesis (QLS) plays a crucial role in optimizing quantum circuit execution on physical quantum devices. As we enter the era where quantum computers have hundreds of qubits, we are faced with scalability issues using optimal…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-05 Wan-Hsuan Lin , Jason Cong

Quantum error correction is an essential tool for reliably performing tasks for processing quantum information on a large scale. However, integration into quantum circuits to achieve these tasks is problematic when one realizes that…

Quantum computers show promise to solve select problems otherwise intractable on classical computers. However, noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) era devices are currently prone to various sources of error. Quantum error correction…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-25 Maxwell Poster , Sayam Sethi , Jonathan Baker

As fault-tolerant quantum computers scale, certifying the accuracy of computations performed with encoded logical qubits will soon become classically intractable. This creates a critical need for scalable, device-independent certification…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-08 James Mills , Adithya Sireesh , Dominik Leichtle , Joschka Roffe , Elham Kashefi

Experience from seven decades of classical computing suggests that a sustainable computer industry depends on a community of software engineers writing programs to address a wide variety of specific end-user needs, achieving both…