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Related papers: Pseudo-Hermiticity, PT-symmetry, and the Metric Op…

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We investigate some questions on the construction of $\eta$ operators for pseudo-Hermitian Hamiltonians. We give a sufficient condition which can be exploited to systematically generate a sequence of $\eta$ operators starting from a known…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-01-22 Soumendu Sundar Mukherjee , Pinaki Roy

Based on some results on reparmetrisation of time in Hamiltonian path integral formalism, a pseudo time formulation of operator formalism of quantum mechanics is presented. Relation of reparametrisation of time in quantum with super…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2016-04-21 A. K. Kapoor

This work outlines a consistent method of identifying subsystems in finite-dimensional Hilbert spaces, independent of the underlying inner-product structure. Such Hilbert spaces arise in $\mathcal{P}\mathcal{T}$-symmetric quantum mechanics,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-25 Himanshu Badhani , Sibasish Ghosh

In Quantum Mechanics operators must be hermitian and, in a direct product space, symmetric. These properties are saved by Lie algebra operators but not by those of quantum algebras. A possible correspondence between observables and quantum…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-11-07 E. Celeghini , M. A. del Olmo

Recently foundational issues of applicability of the formalism of quantum mechanics (QM) to cognitive psychology, decision making, and psychophysics attracted a lot of interest. In particular, in \cite{DKBB} the possibility to use of the…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2014-12-30 Andrei Khrennikov , Irina Basieva

The Hilbert space in PT-symmetric quantum mechanics is formulated as a linear vector space with a dynamic inner product. The most general PT-symmetric matrix Hamiltonians are constructed for 2*2 and 3*3 cases. In the former case, the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-18 Qing-hai Wang , Song-zhi Chia , Jie-hong Zhang

In our previous work, we proposed a mathematical framework for PT-symmetric quantum theory, and in particular constructed a Krein space in which PT-symmetric operators would naturally act. In this work, we explore and discuss various…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 Toshiaki Tanaka

Update: A time-independent $n\times n$ PT-symmetric (and symmetric) Hamiltonian is diagonalizable since it has all distinct real eigenvalues and the resulting diagonal matrix is a real symmetric matrix. The diagonalization results an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-05-20 Sungwook Lee , Lawrence R. Mead

The Hamiltonian H specifies the energy levels and the time evolution of a quantum theory. It is an axiom of quantum mechanics that H be Hermitian because Hermiticity guarantees that the energy spectrum is real and that the time evolution is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-10-07 Carl M. Bender , Joachim Brod , Andre Refig , Moritz Reuter

We discuss the construction of real matrix representations of PT-symmetric operators. We show the limitation of a general recipe presented some time ago for non-Hermitian Hamiltonians with antiunitary symmetry and propose a way to overcome…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-04-16 Francisco M. Fernández

The harmonic oscillator Hamiltonian, when augmented by a non-Hermitian $\cal{PT}$-symmetric part, can be transformed into a Hermitian Hamiltonian. This is achieved by introducing a metric which, in general, renders other observables such as…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 D. P. Musumbu , H. B. Geyer , W. D. Heiss

We introduce the notion of pseudo-Hermiticity and show that every Hamiltonian with a real spectrum is pseudo-Hermitian. We point out that all the PT-symmetric non-Hermitian Hamiltonians studied in the literature belong to the class of…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2016-09-07 Ali Mostafazadeh

We have obtained the metric operator $\Theta=\exp T$ for the non-Hermitian Hamiltonian model $H=\omega(a^{\dag}a+1/2)+\alpha(a^{2}-a^{\dag^{2}})$. We have also found the intertwining operator which connects the Hamiltonian to the adjoint of…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2014-06-13 Özlem Yeşiltaş , Nafiye Kaplan

A Su-Schrieffer-Heeger model with added PT-symmetric boundary term is studied in the framework of pseudo-hermitian quantum mechanics. For two special cases, a complete set of pseudometrics is constructed in closed form. When complemented…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2016-04-05 Frantisek Ruzicka

We briefly explain some simple arguments based on pseudo Hermiticity, supersymmetry and PT-symmetry which explain the reality of the spectrum of some non-Hermitian Hamiltonians. Subsequently we employ PT-symmetry as a guiding principle to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-04-17 Andreas Fring

Three ways of constructing a non-Hermitian matrix with possible all real eigenvalues are discussed. They are PT symmetry, pseudo-Hermiticity, and generalized PT symmetry. Parameter counting is provided for each class. All three classes of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-12-11 Jia-wen Deng , Uwe Guenther , Qing-hai Wang

Recently, much research has been carried out on Hamiltonians that are not Hermitian but are symmetric under space-time reflection, that is, Hamiltonians that exhibit PT symmetry. Investigations of the Sturm-Liouville eigenvalue problem…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 Carl M. Bender , Dorje C. Brody , Lane P. Hughston , Bernhard K. Meister

Evolutions under non-Hermitian Hamiltonians with unbroken $\mathcal{PT}$ symmetry can be considered unitary under appropriate choices of inner products, facilitated by the so-called metric operator. While it is understood that the choice of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-04 Himanshu Badhani , C. M. Chandrashekar

The direct observability of coordinates x is often lost in PT-symmetric quantum theories. A manifestly non-local Hilbert-space metric $\Theta$ enters the double-integral normalization of wave functions $\psi(x)$ there. In the context of…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-09-02 Miloslav Znojil

In this second paper, we develop the full mathematical structure of the algebra of the pseudo-observables, in order to solve the quantum measurement problem. Quantum state vectors are recovered but as auxiliary pseudo-observables storing…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-21 Edoardo Piparo
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