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We define a language CQP (Communicating Quantum Processes) for modelling systems which combine quantum and classical communication and computation. CQP combines the communication primitives of the pi-calculus with primitives for measurement…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Simon Gay , Rajagopal Nagarajan

This paper proposes a notion of branching bisimilarity for non-deterministic probabilistic processes. In order to characterize the corresponding notion of rooted branching probabilistic bisimilarity, an equational theory is proposed for a…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Rob van Glabbeek , Jan Friso Groote , Erik de Vink

We discuss classical and quantum computations in terms of corresponding Hamiltonian dynamics. This allows us to introduce quantum computations which involve parallel processing of both: the data and programme instructions. Using mixed…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-14 Vladimir V. Kisil

Classical simulation of quantum computers is an irreplaceable step in the design of quantum algorithms. Exponential simulation costs demand the use of high-performance computing techniques, and in particular distribution, whereby the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-11-06 Tyson Jones , Bálint Koczor , Simon C. Benjamin

This note shows how quantum entanglement may be simulated in classical computing. The simulated entanglement protocol is implemented using oblivious transfer in the simplest case and other many-to-one mappings in more general cases. For the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-01-11 Subhash Kak

Programming a quantum computer, i.e., implementing quantum algorithms on a quantum processor-based copmputer architecture, is a task that can be addressed (just as for classical computers) at different levels of abstraction. This paper…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Nicola Assolini , Alessandra Di Pierro

This paper proposes a general quantum algorithm that can be applied to any classical computer program. Each computational step is written using reversible operators, but the operators remain classical in that the qubits take on values of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Royal Skousen

Using a quantumlike description for light propagation in nonhomogeneous optical fibers, quantum information processing can be implemented by optical means. Quantum-like bits (qulbits) are associated to light modes in the optical fiber and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 M. A. Man'ko , V. I. Man'ko , R. Vilela Mendes

In this paper, the space complexity of nonuniform quantum computations is investigated. The model chosen for this are quantum branching programs, which provide a graphic description of sequential quantum algorithms. In the first part of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 M. Sauerhoff , D. Sieling

Reliable verification techniques for quantum communication protocols are of paramount importance, given their high implementation cost and critical contexts of application. Extensions of process calculi have been proposed, together with…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Lorenzo Ceragioli , Fabio Gadducci , Giuseppe Lomurno , Gabriele Tedeschi

Quantum mechanics allows operations to be in indefinite causal order. Recently there have been active discussions on enhanced communication strategies through exotic causal structures. In light of this, through the process matrix formalism,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-04-21 Kaumudibikash Goswami , Fabio Costa

The rapid progress of computer technology has been accompanied by a corresponding evolution of software development, from hardwired components and binary machine code to high level programming languages, which allowed to master the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 Bernhard Oemer

Faster algorithms, novel cryptographic mechanisms, and alternative methods of communication become possible when the model underlying information and computation changes from a classical mechanical model to a quantum mechanical one. Quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-12-29 Eleanor G. Rieffel

Various effects in human cognition, often considered `non-classical', have been argued to be most naturally modelled by quantum-like models of decision making. We extend this approach to describe models of cognition and decision-making in…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2026-04-13 Sean Tull , Masanao Ozawa

This work discusses simple examples how quantum systems are obtained as subsystems of classical statistical systems. For a single qubit with arbitrary Hamiltonian and for the quantum particle in a harmonic potential we provide explicitly…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-08-14 C. Wetterich

The act of describing how a physical process changes a system is the basis for understanding observed phenomena. For quantum-mechanical processes in particular, the affect of processes on quantum states profoundly advances our knowledge of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-10-20 Jen-Hsiang Hsieh , Shih-Hsuan Chen , Che-Ming Li

Quantum computers provide a fundamentally new computing paradigm that promises to revolutionize our ability to solve broad classes of problems. Surprisingly, the basic mathematical structures of gate-based quantum computing, such as unitary…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-08-20 Brian R. La Cour , S. Andrew Lanham , Corey I. Ostrove

Truly concurrent process algebras are generalizations to the traditional process algebras for true concurrency, CTC to CCS, APTC to ACP, $\pi_{tc}$ to $\pi$ calculus, APPTC to probabilistic process algebra, APTC with localities to process…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2021-10-26 Yong Wang

According to the statistical interpretation of quantum theory, quantum computers form a distinguished class of probabilistic machines (PMs) by encoding n qubits in 2n pbits (random binary variables). This raises the possibility of a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 P. Gralewicz

The concept of negative probabilities can be used to decompose the interaction of two qubits mediated by a quantum controlled-NOT into three operations that require only classical interactions (that is, local operations and classical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-06-16 Holger F. Hofmann