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The fact that not all measurements can be carried out simultaneously is a peculiar feature of quantum mechanics and responsible for many key phenomena in the theory, such as complementarity or uncertainty relations. For the special case of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-10-22 Roope Uola , Tobias Moroder , Otfried Gühne

Different observers do not have to agree on how they identify a quantum system. We explore a condition based on algorithmic complexity that allows a system to be described as an objective "element of reality". We also suggest an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-03-25 Alexei Grinbaum

Owing to the contextuality of the properties of quantum objects, quantum mechanics does not appear to countenance the elision of the thinking and perceiving subject. If quantum objects owe their properties to the experimental conditions in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-06-12 Ulrich Mohrhoff

Quantum Darwinism recognizes that decoherence imprints redundant records of preferred quasi-classical pointer states on the environment. These redundant records are then accessed by observers. We show how redundancy enables and even implies…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-20 Akram Touil , Bin Yan , Wojciech H. Zurek

Classical systems can be entangled. Entanglement is defined by coincidence correlations. Quantum entanglement experiments can be mimicked by a mechanical system with a single conserved variable and 77.8% conditional efficiency. Experiments…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Douglas G. Danforth

A new constructivist approach to modeling in economics and theory of consciousness is proposed. The state of elementary object is defined as a set of its measurable consumer properties. A proprietor's refusal or consent for the offered…

General Physics · Physics 2011-10-25 I. G. Tuluzov , S. I. Melnyk

A classical method for model-checking timed properties-such as those expressed using timed extensions of temporal logic-is to rely on the use of observers. In this context, a major problem is to prove the correctness of observers.…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2015-09-23 Silvano Dal Zilio , Bernard Berthomieu

The scientific method relies on facts, established through repeated measurements and agreed upon universally, independently of who observed them. In quantum mechanics, the objectivity of observations is not so clear, most dramatically…

We introduce a model of classical and quantum observation based on contextuality and dynamically evolving apparatus. Power sets of classical bits model the four classical states of elementary detectors, viz. the two normal yes/no signal…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-06-01 George Jaroszkiewicz

The traditional optical concept for the object does not provide an experimental feasibility to speak for itself, due to the fact that no measuring instrument catches up with the fluctuation of light fields. Using the theory of coherence, we…

Optics · Physics 2014-03-21 Minghui Zhang , Jiawen Li

We extend the concept of classicality in quantum optics to spin states. We call a state ``classical'' if its density matrix can be decomposed as a weighted sum of angular momentum coherent states with positive weights. Classical spin states…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-06-23 Olivier Giraud , Petr Braun , Daniel Braun

What if gravity is classical? If true, a consistent co-existence of classical gravity and quantum matter requires that gravity exhibit irreducible fluctuations. These fluctuations can mediate classical correlations, but not quantum…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-02-18 Serhii Kryhin , Vivishek Sudhir

For arbitrary linear time-invariant systems, the existence of a strong functional observer is investigated. Such observer determines, from the available measurement on the plant, an estimate of a function of the state and the input. This…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-02-07 Michael Di Loreto , Damien Eberard

We study the dynamics of classical and quantum systems undergoing a continuous measurement of position by schematizing the measurement apparatus with an infinite set of harmonic oscillators at finite temperature linearly coupled to the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-11-26 Carlo Presilla , Roberto Onofrio , Marco Patriarca

Construal of observable facts or events, that is, the manner in which we understand reality, is based not only on mathematical formulas of a theory suggested as a reasonable explanation for physical phenomena (like general relativity or…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-07-19 Arkady Bolotin

Coherence is the most fundamental quantum feature in quantum mechanics. For a bipartite quantum state, if a measurement is performed on one party, the other party, based on the measurement outcomes, will collapse to a corresponding state…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-03-09 Jun Zhang , Si-ren Yang , Yang Zhang , Chang-shui Yu

There is knowledge. There is belief. And there is tacit agreement.' 'We may talk about objects. We may talk about attributes of the objects. Or we may talk both about objects and their attributes.' This work inspects tacit agreements on…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2014-04-25 Ryuta Arisaka

Contextuality is a feature of quantum correlations. It is crucial from a foundational perspective as a nonclassical phenomenon, and from an applied perspective as a resource for quantum advantage. It is commonly defined in terms of hidden…

The average result of a weak measurement of some observable $A$ can, under post-selection of the measured quantum system, exceed the largest eigenvalue of $A$. The nature of weak measurements, as well as the presence of post-selection and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-11-13 Matthew F. Pusey

I argue that scientific determinism is not supported by facts, but results from the elegance of the mathematical language physicists use, in particular from the so-called real numbers and their infinite series of digits. Classical physics…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-10-03 Nicolas Gisin