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Tomography of the two qubit density matrix shared by Alice and Bob is an essential ingredient for guaranteeing an acceptable margin of confidentiality during the establishment of a secure fresh key through the Quantum Key Distribution (QKD)…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-12-18 T. Durt , A. Lamas-Linares , A. Ling , C. Kurtsiefer

We propose a new coherent state quantum key distribution protocol that eliminates the need to randomly switch between measurement bases. This protocol provides significantly higher secret key rates with increased bandwidths than previous…

We present and analyze a quantum key distribution protocol based on sending entangled N-qubit states instead of single-qubit ones as in the trail-blazing scheme by Bennett and Brassard (BB84). Since the qubits are sent individually, an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-10-07 Olli Ahonen , Mikko Mottonen , Jeremy L. O'Brien

Security of a continuous-variable quantum key distribution protocol based on noisy coherent states and channel is analyzed. Assuming the noise of coherent states is induced by Fred, a neutral party relative to others, we prove that the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-13 Yong Shen , Jian Yang , Hong Guo

The six-state protocol is a discrete-variable protocol for quantum key distribution, that permits to tolerate a noisier channel than the BB84 protocol. In this work we provide a lower bound on the maximum achievable key rate of a practical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-11-14 Silvestre Abruzzo , Markus Mertz , Hermann Kampermann , Dagmar Bruß

We consider a new type of attack on a coherent quantum key distribution protocol [coherent one-way (COW) protocol]. The main idea of the attack consists in measuring individually the intercepted states and sending the rest of them…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-07-18 D. A. Kronberg , E. O. Kiktenko , A. K. Fedorov , Y. V. Kurochkin

Quantum key distribution is on the verge of real world applications, where perfectly secure information can be distributed among multiple parties. Several quantum cryptographic protocols have been theoretically proposed and independently…

The study of quantum cryptography and quantum non-locality have traditionnally been based on two-level quantum systems (qubits). In this paper we consider a generalisation of Ekert's cryptographic protocol [Ekert] where qubits are replaced…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 Thomas Durt , Nicolas J. Cerf , Nicolas Gisin , Marek Zukowski

A new class of quantum cryptography (QC) protocols that are robust against the most general photon number splitting attacks in a weak coherent pulse implementation has been recently proposed. In this article we give a quite exhaustive…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Antonio Acin , Nicolas Gisin , Valerio Scarani

We provide security bounds against coherent attacks for two families of quantum key distribution protocols that use $d$-dimensional quantum systems. In the asymptotic regime, both the secret key rate for fixed noise and the robustness to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-03-13 Lana Sheridan , Valerio Scarani

In principle, quantum key distribution (QKD) offers unconditional security based on the laws of physics. In practice, flaws in the state preparation undermine the security of QKD systems, as standard theoretical approaches to deal with…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-18 Kiyoshi Tamaki , Marcos Curty , Go Kato , Hoi-Kwong Lo , Koji Azuma

In this paper we present quantum key distribution protocol that, instead of single qubits, uses mesoscopic coherent states of light $|\alpha\rangle$ to encode bit values of a randomly generated key. Given the reference value…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-05-04 G. A. Barbosa , J. van de Graaf , P. Mateus , N. Paunković

Quantum secret sharing (QSS) enables secure distribution of information among multiple parties but remains vulnerable to noise. We analyze the effects of bit-flip, phase-flip, and amplitude damping noise on the multiparty QSS for classical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-24 Nirupam Basak , Goutam Paul

The fabrication of quantum key distribution (QKD) systems typically involves several parties, thus providing Eve with multiple opportunities to meddle with the devices. As a consequence, conventional hardware and/or software hacking attacks…

We consider a generalisation of Ekert's entanglement-based quantum cryptographic protocol where qubits are replaced by qu$N$its (i.e., N-dimensional systems). In order to study its robustness against optimal incoherent attacks, we derive…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Thomas Durt , Dagomir Kaszlikowski , Jing-Ling Chen , L. C. Kwek

We introduce a new class of quantum quantum key distribution protocols, tailored to be robust against photon number splitting (PNS) attacks. We study one of these protocols, which differs from the BB84 only in the classical sifting…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 Valerio Scarani , Antonio Acin , Gregoire Ribordy , Nicolas Gisin

Security against simple eavesdropping attacks is demonstrated for a recently proposed quantum key distribution protocol which uses the Fibonacci recursion relation to enable high-capacity key generation with entangled photon pairs. No…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-04-13 David S. Simon , Casey Fitzpatrick , Alexander V. Sergienko

In quantum key distribution, one conservatively assumes that the eavesdropper Eve is restricted only by physical laws, whereas the legitimate parties, namely the sender Alice and receiver Bob, are subject to realistic constraints, such as…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-07-18 Vishal Sharma , U. Shrikant , R. Srikanth , Subhashish Banerjee

Distributed-phase-reference quantum key distribution stands out for its easy implementation with present day technology. Since many years, a full security proof of these schemes in a realistic setting has been elusive. For the first time,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-07-05 Tobias Moroder , Marcos Curty , Charles Ci Wen Lim , Le Phuc Thinh , Hugo Zbinden , Nicolas Gisin

Practical quantum key distribution (QKD) systems operate under noise, but security of most protocols have been analyzed under ideal noiseless scenarios. In this work, we investigated security performance of BB84 protocol under effect of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-21 Wajiha Masood , Muhammad Waseem , Afshan Irshad