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The distribution of entanglement between macroscopically separated parties represents a crucial protocol for future quantum information networks. Surprisingly, it has been theoretically shown that two distant systems can be entangled by…

We report the experimental demonstration of a transmission scheme of photonic qubits over unstabilized optical fibers, which has the plug-and-play feature as well as the ability to transmit any state of a qubit, regardless of whether it is…

We present a scheme for teleporting an unknown, two-particle entangled state with a message from a sender (Alice) to a receiver (Bob) via a six-particle entangled channel. We also present another scheme for teleporting an unknown…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-02-22 Qiming Luo , Tinggui Zhang , Xiaofen Huang , Naihuan Jing

We re-examine a non-Gaussian quantum error correction code designed to protect optical coherent-state qubits against errors due to an amplitude damping channel. We improve on a previous result [Phys. Rev. A 81, 062344 (2010)] by providing a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-05-14 Ricardo Wickert , Peter van Loock

Quantum metrology overcomes standard precision limits and plays a central role in science and technology. Practically it is vulnerable to imperfections such as decoherence. Here, we demonstrate quantum metrology for noisy channels such that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-04-25 Kunkun Wang , Xiaoping Wang , Xiang Zhan , Zhihao Bian , Jian Li , Barry C. Sanders , Peng Xue

Decoherence severely limits the performance of quantum processors, posing challenges to reliable quantum computation. Probabilistic error cancellation, a quantum error mitigation method, counteracts noise by quasiprobabilistically…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-17 Tian-Ren Jin , Kai Xu , Yu-Ran Zhang , Heng Fan

Robust quantum computation requires encoding delicate quantum information into degrees of freedom that are hard for the environment to change. Quantum encodings have been demonstrated in many physical systems by observing and correcting…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-11-08 Maika Takita , Andrew W. Cross , A. D. Córcoles , Jerry M. Chow , Jay M. Gambetta

In measurement-based quantum computing an algorithm is performed by measurements on highly-entangled resource states. To date, several implementations were demonstrated, all of them assuming perfect noise-free environments. Here we consider…

Quantum dense coding has been demonstrated experimentally in terms of quantum logic gates and circuits in quantum computation and NMR technique. Two bits of information have been transmitted through manipulating one of the maximally…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-10-31 Ximing Fang , Xiwen Zhu , Mang Feng , Xi'an Mao , Fei Du

At the fundamental level, quantum communication is ultimately limited by noise. For instance, quantum signals cannot be amplified without the introduction of noise in the amplified states. Furthermore, photon loss reduces the…

We establish the necessary and sufficient conditions for unbiased estimation in multi-parameter estimation tasks. More specifically, we first consider quantum state estimation, where multiple parameters are encoded in a quantum state, and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-03 Hyukgun Kwon , Kento Tsubouchi , Chia-Tung Chu , Liang Jiang

Quantum bits are more robust to noise when they are encoded non-locally. In such an encoding, errors affecting the underlying physical system can then be detected and corrected before they corrupt the encoded information. In 2001,…

Quantum entanglement is a unique criterion of the quantum realm and an essential tool to secure quantum communication. Ensuring high-fidelity entanglement has always been a challenging task owing to interaction with the hostile channel…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-23 Syed Emad Uddin Shubha , Md. Saifur Rahman , M. R. C. Mahdy

The key realisation which lead to the emergence of the new field of quantum information processing is that quantum mechanics, the theory that describes microscopic particles, allows the processing of information in fundamentally new ways.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 N. Gisin , N. Linden , S. Massar , S. Popescu

Covert communication offers a method to transmit messages in such a way that it is not possible to detect that the communication is happening at all. In this work, we report an experimental demonstration of covert communication that is…

A perfect teleportation protocol requires pure maximally shared entangled states. While in reality the shared entanglement is severely degraded due to the inevitable interaction with the noisy environment, which leads to mixed entangled…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-04-12 Sajede Harraz , Jiao-Yang Zhang , Shuang Cong

Quantum teleportation, the process by which Alice can transfer an unknown quantum state to Bob by using pre-shared entanglement and classical communication, is one of the cornerstones of quantum information. The standard benchmark for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-09-29 Daniel Cavalcanti , Paul Skrzypczyk , Ivan Šupić

The safety of a quantum key distribution system relies on the fact that any eavesdropping attempt on the quantum channel creates errors in the transmission. For a given error rate, the amount of information that may have leaked to the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-10-28 B. Huttner , N. Imoto , N. Gisin , T. Mor

In free-space Quantum Key Distribution in turbulent conditions, scattering and beam wandering cause intensity fluctuations which increase the detected signal-to-noise ratio. This effect can be mitigated by rejecting received bits when the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-03-31 Eleftherios Moschandreou , Brian J. Rollick , Bing Qi , George Siopsis

We extend covert communication to the quantum regime by showing that covert quantum communication is possible over optical channels with noise arising either from the environment or from the sender's lab. In particular, we show that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-12-21 Juan Miguel Arrazola , Valerio Scarani