Related papers: Comment on the Ghost State in the Lee Model
We establish a quantum theory of computational ghost imaging and propose quantum projection imaging where object information can be reconstructed by quantum statistical correlation between a certain photon number of bucket signal and DMD…
We explore the real solutions to the Spherical Collapse Model in a non-flat Universe with a Cosmological Constant, and observe a possible situation for a fake or Ghost Collapse, in which an expanding overdense spherical region, turns around…
We first find the linear approximation of the second plus fourth order derivative massive conformal gravity action. Then we reduce the linearized action to separated second order derivative terms, which allows us to quantize the theory by…
We present a concise review of the status of the Standard Model and of the search for new physics.
The energy in the ghost-free massive gravity theory is calculated via explicitly resolving the initial value constraints for spherically symmetric deformations of flat space. It turns out that the energy is positive in some cases, but in…
The notion of stochastic shadowing property is introduced. Relations to stochastic stability and standard shadowing are studied. Using tent map as an example it is proved that, in contrast to what happens for standard shadowing, there are…
It is extraordinary that a number of observations indicate that we live in a spatially flat, low matter density Universe, which is currently undergoing a period of accelerating expansion. The effort to explain this current state has focused…
The k-regular sequences exhibit a self-similar behaviour between powers of k. One way to study this self-similarity is to attempt to describe the limiting shape of the sequence using measures, which results in an object which we call the…
We investigate about the stability of generalized QCD ghost dark energy model against perturbations in the FRW background. For this purpose, we use the squared sound speed $v_s^2$ whose sign determines the stability of the model. We explore…
Stereotypical reasoning assumes that the situation at hand is one of a kind and that it enjoys the properties generally associated with that kind of situation. It is one of the most basic forms of nonmonotonic reasoning. A formal model for…
A new model of dark energy namely "ghost dark energy model" has recently been suggested to interpret the positive acceleration of cosmic expansion. The energy density of ghost dark energy is proportional to the hubble parameter. In this…
Large Language Models (LLMs) exhibit emergent capabilities in structured domains, suggesting they may implicitly internalize high-fidelity representations of world models. While probing techniques have shown promising signs of this in…
A soluble model for the relativistically description of an unstable system is given in terms of relativistic quantum field theory, with a structure similar to Van Hove's generalization of the Lee model in the non-relativistic theory.
Motivated by studying asymptotic properties of the maximum likelihood estimator (MLE) in stochastic volatility (SV) models, in this paper we investigate likelihood estimation in state space models. We first prove, under some regularity…
A tachyon is considered to be sick in the context of particle mechanics, but in field theory just indicates instability of a background. We consider a similar possibility that a ghost in field theory might be just an indication of…
Ryff's Comment raises the question of the meaning of the quantum state. We argue that the quantum state is just the representative of information available to a given observer. Then Ryff's interpretation of one of our experiments and our…
We present a review of some of the recent developments in the study of the $W_3$ string. One of the interesting features of the theory is that the physical spectrum includes states with non-standard ghost structure, such as excitations of…
We calculate the number of metastable states in the generalized random orthogonal model. The results obtained are verified by exact numerical enumeration for small systems sizes but taking into account finite size effects. These results are…
We introduce new techniques that can preserve unitarity of the system including ghost particles. Negative norms of the particles can be involved in zero-norm states by constraints of the physical space. These are useful to apply the…
We investigate the instability of the ghost dark energy model against perturbations in different cases. To this goal we use the squared sound speed $v_s^2$ whose sign determines the stability of the model. When $v_s^2<0$ the model is…