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We describe a general method of realizing entanglement witnesses in terms of the interference pattern of a single quantum probe. After outlining the principle, we discuss specific realizations both with electrons in mesoscopic Aharonov-Bohm…

Here we demonstrate, for the first time, violation of Bell's inequality using a triggered quantum dot photon-pair source without post-selection. Furthermore, the fidelity to the expected Bell state can be increased above 90% using temporal…

Entangled photons can be generated "on demand" in a novel scheme involving unitary time reordering of the photons emitted in a radiative decay cascade. The scheme yields polarization entangled photon pairs, even though prior to reordering…

It is shown that the degree of polarization of light, generated by superposition in a single-photon interference experiment, may depend on the indistinguishability of the photon-paths.

Entangled states of two coupled polar molecules controlled by laser pulses are studied theoretically. Schmidt decomposition is used to measure the degree of entanglement. By varying the pulse shape of the applied laser, transition from…

We formulate the classical polarization theory for light by using entanglement analysis. We demonstrate a route to a systematic and consistent measure of ordinary light polarization that extends automatically to a new understanding of the…

We report on the quantification of entanglement by means of entanglement measures on a four- and a six- qubit cluster state realized by using photons entangled both in polarization and linear momentum. This paper also addresss the question…

It was shown recently that entanglement of identical particles has a feature called dualism [Phys. Rev. Lett. 110, 140404 (2013)], which is fundamentally connected with quantum indistinguishability. Here we report an experiment that…

We discuss both theoretically and experimentally elementary two-photon polarization entanglement localization after break of entanglement caused by linear coupling of environmental photon with one of the system photons. The localization of…

We investigate quantitatively the wave-particle duality in a general Mach-Zehnder interferometer setup with an asymmetric beam splitter. The asymmetric beam splitter introduces additional a priori which-path knowledge, which is different…

Entanglement is a fundamental feature of quantum mechanics, considered a key resource in quantum information processing. Measuring entanglement is an essential step in a wide range of applied and foundational quantum experiments. When a…

We calculate the effect of polarization-dependent scattering by disorder on the degree of polarization-entanglement of two beams of radiation. Multi-mode detection converts an initially pure state into a mixed state with respect to the…

Quantum entanglement -- correlations of particles that are stronger than any classical analogue -- is the basis for research on the foundations of quantum mechanics and for practical applications such as quantum networks. Traditionally,…

We investigate the generation of an entangled electron pair emerging from a system composed of two quantum dots attached to a superconductor Cooper pair beam splitter. We take into account three processes: Crossed Andreev Reflection,…

We analyse the entanglement properties of deterministic path-entangled photonic states generated by coupling the emission of a quantum-dot biexciton cascade to a chiral nanophotonic waveguide, as implemented by {\O}stfeldt et al. [PRX…

Entanglement verification and measurement is essential for experimental tests of quantum mechanics and also for quantum communication and information science. Standard methods of verifying entanglement in a bipartite mixed state require…

Theoretical considerations of Bell-inequality experiments usually assume identically prepared and independent pairs of particles. Here we consider pairs that exhibit both intra- and inter-pair entanglement. The pairs are taken from a large…

Entanglement distillation is the process of concentrating entanglement from a given quantum state. We present a technique for distillation of bi-partite polarization entanglement using interferometry. This technique can be optimized to…

The differential cross section for gravitational photon-photon scattering calculated in Perturbative Quantum Gravity is shown to depend on the degree of polarization entanglement of the two photons. The interaction between photons in the…

We model the fundamental behavior of a two-branch quantum interference device. Quantum interference oscillations are visible in the output as the magnetic flux through the paths is varied. Multiple witness systems are field-coupled to each…