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In this paper, we study the fundamental open question of finding the optimal high-order algorithm for solving smooth convex minimization problems. Arjevani et al. (2019) established the lower bound $\Omega\left(\epsilon^{-2/(3p+1)}\right)$…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-05-20 Dmitry Kovalev , Alexander Gasnikov

Numerous conceptually important quantum algorithms rely on a black-box device known as an oracle, which is typically difficult to construct without knowing the answer to the problem that the algorithm is intended to solve. A notable example…

We introduce a structured quantum search algorithm that leverages entanglement maps and a fixed-point method to minimize oracle query complexity in unsorted datasets. By partitioning qubits into rows based on their entanglement order, the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-22 Yash Prabhat , Snigdha Thakur , Ankur Raina

Grover's search algorithm was originally proposed for circuit-based quantum computers. A crucial part of it is to query an oracle -- a black-box unitary operation. Generation of this oracle is formally beyond the original algorithm design.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-02-02 Bin Yan , Nikolai A. Sinitsyn

Recent studies have been spurred on by the promise of advanced quantum computing technology, which has led to the development of quantum computer simulations on classical hardware. Grover's quantum search algorithm is one of the well-known…

Our problem is to evaluate a multi-valued Boolean function $F$ through oracle calls. If $F$ is one-to-one and the size of its domain and range is the same, then our problem can be formulated as follows: Given an oracle $f(a,x):…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Kazuo Iwama , Akinori Kawachi , Hiroyuki Masuda , Raymond H. Putra , Shigeru Yamashita

In the exact quantum query model a successful algorithm must always output the correct function value. We investigate the function that is true if exactly $k$ or $l$ of the $n$ input bits given by an oracle are 1. We find an optimal…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-01-11 Andris Ambainis , Jānis Iraids , Daniel Nagaj

Given two sets A and B and two oracles O(A) and O(B) that can identify the elements of these sets respectively, the goal is to find an element common to both sets using minimum number of oracle queries. Each application of either O(A) or…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-10-18 Avatar Tulsi

We present a quantum algorithm which identifies with certainty a hidden subgroup of an arbitrary finite group G in only a polynomial (in log |G|) number of calls to the oracle. This is exponentially better than the best classical algorithm.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-12-30 Mark Ettinger , Peter Hoyer , Emanuel Knill

We consider the problem of finding the minimum element in a list of length $N$ using a noisy comparator. The noise is modelled as follows: given two elements to compare, if the values of the elements differ by at least $\alpha$ by some…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-03-31 Yihui Quek , Clement Canonne , Patrick Rebentrost

We study the complexity of a fundamental algorithm for fairly allocating indivisible items, the round-robin algorithm. For $n$ agents and $m$ items, we show that the algorithm can be implemented in time $O(nm\log(m/n))$ in the worst case.…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Zihan Li , Pasin Manurangsi , Jonathan Scarlett , Warut Suksompong

We give an IOPP (interactive oracle proof of proximity) for trivariate Reed-Muller codes that achieves the best known query complexity in some range of security parameters. Specifically, for degree $d$ and security parameter $\lambda\leq…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2025-04-02 Dor Minzer , Kai Zhe Zheng

Quantum machine learning models have the potential to offer speedups and better predictive accuracy compared to their classical counterparts. However, these quantum algorithms, like their classical counterparts, have been shown to also be…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-05-27 Maurice Weber , Nana Liu , Bo Li , Ce Zhang , Zhikuan Zhao

Grover's quantum algorithm can find a marked item from an unstructured database faster than any classical algorithm, and hence it has been used for several applications such as cryptanalysis and optimization. When there exist multiple…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-02 Kota Tani , Shunji Tsuchiya , Seiichiro Tani , Yuki Takeuchi

Quantum state preparation is an important ingredient for other higher-level quantum algorithms, such as Hamiltonian simulation, or for loading distributions into a quantum device to be used e.g. in the context of optimization tasks such as…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-08-10 Johannes Bausch

Grover search is a renowned quantum search algorithm that leverages quantum superposition to find a marked item with quadratic speedup. However, when implemented on Noisy Intermediate-scale Quantum (NISQ) hardware, the required repeated…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-04-11 Chen-Yu Liu

We study the most practical problem setup for evaluating adversarial robustness of a machine learning system with limited access: the hard-label black-box attack setting for generating adversarial examples, where limited model queries are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-17 Minhao Cheng , Simranjit Singh , Patrick Chen , Pin-Yu Chen , Sijia Liu , Cho-Jui Hsieh

Complexity class containments involving interactive proof classes are famously nonrelativizing: although $\mathsf{IP} = \mathsf{PSPACE}$, Fortnow and Sipser showed that that there exists an oracle relative to which $\mathsf{coNP}…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-15 Scott Aaronson , Anand Natarajan , Avishay Tal , Agi Villanyi

In this paper, we initiate a rigorous theoretical study of clustering with noisy queries (or a faulty oracle). Given a set of $n$ elements, our goal is to recover the true clustering by asking minimum number of pairwise queries to an…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-06-26 Arya Mazumdar , Barna Saha

We investigate the reason for the quantum speedup -- quantum algorithms requiring fewer computation steps than their classical counterparts. We extend their representation to the process of setting the problem. The initial measurement…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-10-26 Giuseppe Castagnoli