Related papers: Understanding light quanta: The Photon
The symmetrization postulate asserts that the state of particular species of particles can only be of one permutation symmetry type: symmetric for bosons and antisymmetric for fermions. We report some experimental results showing that pairs…
In this chapter we examine the quantised electromagnetic (EM) field in the context of a Schr\"odinger equation for single photons. For clarity we consider only a one-dimensional system. As a universal tool for calculating the time-evolution…
We consider the effect of the photon radiative correction on the vacuum energy in a superstrong magnetic field. The notion of a photon anomalous magnetic moment is analyzed and its connection with the quasiparticle character of the…
The notion of intrinsic system of coordinates is introduced for the photon from the constraint of transversality condition. The degree of freedom to specify the intrinsic system is extracted from the same constraint, which turns out to be…
The quantum nature of light enables potentially revolutionary communication technologies. Key to advancing this area of research is a clear understanding of the concepts of states, modes, fields, and photons. The concept of field modes…
We show that photons subject to a spatially inhomogeneous electromagnetic field can experience quantum reflection. Based on this observation, we propose quantum reflection as a novel means to probe the nonlinearity of the quantum vacuum in…
A direct calculation of the elements of the photon polarization vector for arbitrary momentum in the helicity basis shows that it is not a vector but a complex bivector. The bivector real and imaginary parts can be directly equated with…
The interaction of light with a single two-level emitter is the most fundamental process in quantum optics, and is key to many quantum applications. As a distinctive feature, two photons are never detected simultaneously in the light…
Compared to classical optical coherence theory based on Maxwell's electromagnetic theory and Glauber's quantum optical coherence theory based on matrix mechanics formulation of quantum mechanics, quantum optical coherence theory based on…
Electron-photon quantum entanglement in an electron microscope paves the way for a new quantum platform, enabling the integration of quantum functionalities into electron microscopy and opening opportunities for quantum imaging and quantum…
Uncertainty relation for photons that overcomes the difficulties caused by the nonexistence of the photon position operator is derived in quantum electrodynamics. The photon energy density plays the role of the probability density in…
A first quantized free photon is a complex massless vector field $A=(A^\mu)$ whose field strength satisfies Maxwell's equations in vacuum. We construct the Hilbert space $\mathscr{H}$ of the photon by endowing the vector space of the fields…
This paper aims to present a general idea for description of spatially finite physical objects with a consistent nontrivial translational-rotational dynamical structure and evolution as a whole, making use of the mathematical concepts and…
A wavefunction for single- and many-photon states is defined by associating photons with different momenta to different spectral and polarization components of the classical, generally complex, electromagnetic field that propagates in a…
The quantum state of a light beam can be represented as an infinite dimensional density matrix or equivalently as a density on the plane called the Wigner function. We describe quantum tomography as an inverse statistical problem in which…
Let us abandon for a moment the strict epistemological standpoint of quantum field theory, that eventually comes to declare nonsensical any question about the photon posed outside the quantum theoretical framework. We can then avail of the…
We present a theoretical framework that describes a wave packet of light prepared in a state of definite photon number interacting with an arbitrary quantum system (e.g. a quantum harmonic oscillator or a multi-level atom). Within this…
We introduce photon theory following the same principles as for introduction of the quantum theory of a single particle, using a C*-algebraic approach based on covariance systems. The basic symmetries are additivity of the fields and…
We study quantum systems of interacting electrons, magnetic monopoles, and electromagnetic field. We formulate a convenient field theory, in which the electron-photon, monopole-photon, and electron-monopole interactions take simple forms.
We present a simple yet rigorous field theoretic demonstration of the nonlocality of a single-photon field. The formalism used allows us to calculate the electric field of a single-photon light beam sent through a beam splitter, which…