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We study the computational power of unitary Clifford circuits with solely magic state inputs (CM circuits), supplemented by classical efficient computation. We show that CM circuits are hard to classically simulate up to multiplicative…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-06-19 Mithuna Yoganathan , Richard Jozsa , Sergii Strelchuk

We apply the cutting stabiliser decomposition techniques [arXiv:2403.10964] to the quantum states generated from magic state cultivation [arXiv:2409.17595], post-selected upon all $+1$ measured values for simplicity. The resultant states to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-23 Kwok Ho Wan , Zhenghao Zhong

In this paper we solve the problem on finding a sectionally Clifford algebra-valued harmonic function, zero at infinity and satisfying certain boundary value condition related to higher order Lipschitz functions. Our main tool are the Hardy…

Complex Variables · Mathematics 2024-03-07 Lianet De la Cruz Toranzo , Ricardo Abreu Blaya , Swanhild Bernstein

We prove that the Gram--Schmidt orthogonalization process can be carried out in Hilbert modules over Clifford algebras, in spite of the un-invertibility and the un-commutativity of general Clifford numbers. Then we give two crucial…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2021-03-18 Jinxun Wang , Tao Qian

This paper builds on the idea of simulating stabiliser circuits through transformations of quadratic form expansions. This is a representation of a quantum state which specifies a formula for the expansion in the standard basis, describing…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-09-21 Niel de Beaudrap , Steven Herbert

We describe the structure of the extended Clifford Group (defined to be the group consisting of all operators, unitary and anti-unitary, which normalize the generalized Pauli group (or Weyl-Heisenberg group as it is often called)). We also…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-26 D. M. Appleby

Quantum error-correcting codes are used to protect qubits involved in quantum computation. This process requires logical operators, acting on protected qubits, to be translated into physical operators (circuits) acting on physical quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-08-20 Narayanan Rengaswamy , Robert Calderbank , Swanand Kadhe , Henry D. Pfister

A fundamental problem in fault-tolerant quantum computation is the tradeoff between universality and dimensionality, exemplified by the the Bravyi-K\"onig bound for $n$-dimensional topological stabilizer codes. In this work, we extend…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-21 Ryohei Kobayashi , Guanyu Zhu , Po-Shen Hsin

Given a quantum error correcting code, an important task is to find encoded operations that can be implemented efficiently and fault-tolerantly. In this Letter we focus on topological stabilizer codes and encoded unitary gates that can be…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-10-04 Sergey Bravyi , Robert Koenig

Hilbert space operators may be mapped onto a space of ordinary functions (operator symbols) equipped with an associative (but noncommutative) star-product. A unified framework for such maps is reviewed. Because of its clear probabilistic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-08-31 M. A. Man'ko , V. I. Man'ko , R. Vilela Mendes

Farinholt gives a characterization of Clifford operators for qudits; d both odd and even. In this comment it is shown that the necessary gates for the construction of Clifford operators; N both odd and even, are obtained directly from…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2020-11-13 Howard J. Schnitzer

We give a pair of algorithms that efficiently learn a quantum state prepared by Clifford gates and $O(\log n)$ non-Clifford gates. Specifically, for an $n$-qubit state $|\psi\rangle$ prepared with at most $t$ non-Clifford gates, our…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-07 Sabee Grewal , Vishnu Iyer , William Kretschmer , Daniel Liang

Distinct Clifford orbits of magic states can exhibit different stabilizer ranks at small tensor powers. We establish this for qutrits, where the single-qutrit Clifford group has four inequivalent orbits of magic states: Strange, Norrell,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-28 Farrokh Labib , Vincent Russo

We generalize the concept of cubic group into any dimension and derive their conjugate classifications and representation theorys. Double group and spinor representation are defined. A detailed calculation is carried out on the structures…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2007-05-23 Jian Dai , Xing-Chang Song

Stabiliser states play a central role in the theory of quantum computation. For example, they are used to encode computational basis states in the most common quantum error correction schemes. Arbitrary quantum states admit many stabiliser…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-05-31 Nadish de Silva , Ming Yin , Sergii Strelchuk

We discuss several aspects of D-brane moduli spaces and BPS spectra near orbifold points. We give a procedure to determine the decay products on a line of marginal stability, and we define the algebra of BPS states in terms of quivers.…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2014-11-18 Bartomeu Fiol , Marcos Marino

Starting from the full group of symmetries of a system we select a discrete subset of transformations which allows to introduce the Clifford algebra of operators generating new supercharges of extended supersymmetry. The system defined by…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 Andrzej M. Frydryszak , Volodymyr M. Tkachuk

Defining a computational basis of pseudo-number states, we interpret a coherent state of large amplitude, $|\alpha|\gg\frac{d}{2\pi}$, as a qudit --- a $d$-level quantum system --- in a state that is an even superposition of $d$…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-12-30 Jaewan Kim , Juhui Lee , Se-Wan Ji , Hyunchul Nha , Petr M. Anisimov , Jonathan P. Dowling

We use our Clifford algebra technique, that is nilpotents and projectors which are binomials of the Clifford algebra objects $\gamma^a$ with the property $\{\gamma^a,\gamma^b\}_+ = 2 \eta^{ab}$, for representing quantum gates and quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 M. Gregoric , N. S. Mankoc Borstnik

Magic states enable universal, fault-tolerant quantum computation within the stabilizer framework. Their non-stabilizerness supplies the resource needed to bypass the Eastin-Knill theorem while allowing fault-tolerant distillation. Although…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-27 Muhammad Erew , Moshe Goldstein