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We study the contextuality of a three-level quantum system using classical conditional entropy of measurement outcomes. First, we analytically construct the minimal configuration of measurements required to reveal contextuality. Next, an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-05-30 Pawel Kurzynski , Ravishankar Ramanathan , Dagomir Kaszlikowski

We develop the contextual measurement model (CMM) which is used for clarification of the quantum foundations. This model matches with Bohr's views on the role of experimental contexts. CMM is based on contextual probability theory which is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-21 Andrei Khrennikov

We present a formal theory of contextuality for a set of random variables grouped into different subsets (contexts) corresponding to different, mutually incompatible conditions. Within each context the random variables are jointly…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-09-01 Ehtibar N. Dzhafarov , Janne V. Kujala , Jan-Åke Larsson

In a recent work, arXiv:2503.05884, we proposed a unified notion of nonclassicality that applies to arbitrary processes in quantum theory, including individual quantum states, measurements, channels, set of these, etc. This notion is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-07 Yujie Zhang , Yìlè Yīng , David Schmid

Quantum theory features several phenomena which can be considered as resources for information processing tasks. Some of these effects, such as entanglement, arise in a nonlocal scenario, where a quantum state is distributed between…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-22 Martin Plávala , Otfried Gühne

A notion of morphism that is suitable for the sheaf-theoretic approach to contextuality is developed, resulting in a resource theory for contextuality. The key features involve using an underlying relation rather than a function between…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-01-30 Martti Karvonen

Quantum contextuality describes situations where the statistics observed in different measurement contexts cannot be explained by a measurement independent reality of the system. The most simple case is observed in a three-dimensional…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-08-28 Holger F. Hofmann

It is shown that quantum mechanics is noncontextual if quantum properties are represented by subspaces of the quantum Hilbert space (as proposed by von Neumann) rather than by hidden variables. In particular, a measurement using an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-02-21 Robert B. Griffiths

I argue that our judgements regarding the locally causal models which are compatible with a given quantum no-go theorem implicitly depend, in part, on the context of inquiry. It follows from this that certain no-go theorems, which are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-11-20 Michael E. Cuffaro

In a noncontextual hidden variable model of quantum theory, hidden variables determine the outcomes of every measurement in a manner that is independent of how the measurement is implemented. Using a generalization of this notion to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-01-09 Robert W. Spekkens , D. H. Buzacott , A. J. Keehn , Ben Toner , G. J. Pryde

We introduce a notion of contextuality for transformations in sequential contexts, distinct from the Bell-Kochen-Specker and Spekkens notions of contextuality. Within a transformation-based model for quantum computation we show that strong…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-12-12 Shane Mansfield , Elham Kashefi

Contextuality is a distinctive feature of quantum theory and a fundamental resource for quantum computation. However, existing examples of contextuality in high-dimensional systems lack the necessary robustness required in experiments. Here…

Nonlinear modifications of quantum theory are considered potential candidates for the theory of quantum gravity, with the intuitive argument that since Einstein field equations are nonlinear, quantum gravity should be nonlinear as well.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-06 Ruben Campos Delgado , Martin Plávala

Contextuality is a fundamental non-classical property of quantum theory, which has recently been proven to be a key resource for achieving quantum speed-ups in some leading models of quantum computation. However, which of the forms of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-04-17 Piers Lillystone , Joel J. Wallman , Joseph Emerson

Quantum contextuality is the notion that certain measurement scenarios do not admit a global description of their statistics and has been implicated as the source of quantum advantage in a number of quantum information protocols. It has…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-05 Philip A. LeMaitre

Traditionally categorical data analysis (e.g. generalized linear models) works with simple, flat datasets akin to a single table in a database with no notion of missing data or conflicting versions. In contrast, modern data analysis must…

Databases · Computer Science 2017-08-11 Jason Morton

Quantum contextuality represents a fundamental form of nonclassicality in quantum mechanics. To provide a more complete characterization of nonclassical properties in quantum systems, we adopt a logical perspective and propose a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-03 Songyi Liu , Yongjun Wang , Baoshan Wang , Chang He , Jincheng Wang

If noncontextuality is defined as the robustness of a system's response to a measurement against other simultaneous measurements, then the Kochen-Specker arguments do not provide an algebraic proof for quantum contextuality. Namely, for the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-04-30 Gábor Hofer-Szabó

In the Contextuality-by-Default theory random variables representing measurement outcomes are labeled contextually, i.e., not only by what they measure but also under what conditions (in what contexts) the measurements are made, including…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-12-11 Ehtibar N. Dzhafarov

We introduce a preparation-dual notion of contextuality, formulated as an obstruction to stochastic extension. In parallel with the sheaf-theoretic formulation of measurement contextuality, preparation contextuality arises when locally…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-05 Tom Williams , Mina Doosti , Farid Shahandeh