Related papers: Matched detectors as definers of force

We study a quantum theory based on two assumptions: In the intrinsic frame of reference of an isolated, macroscopic system, (i) the system has no global motion and is not entangled with any other system, (ii) time evolution of statevectors…

The maximum-likelihood principle unifies inference of quantum states and processes from experimental noisy data. Particularly, a generic quantum process may be estimated simultaneously with unknown quantum probe states provided that…

Entanglement, or quantum inseparability, is a crucial resource in quantum information applications, and therefore the experimental generation of separated yet entangled systems is of paramount importance. Experimental demonstrations of…

Detectors in the laboratory are often unlike their ideal theoretical cousins. They have non-ideal efficiencies, which may then lead to non-trivial implications. We show how it is possible to predict correct answers about whether a shared…

The quantum guesswork quantifies the minimum number of queries needed to guess the state of a quantum ensemble if one is allowed to query only one state at a time. Previous approaches to the computation of the guesswork were based on…

We argue from the point of view of statistical inference that the quantum relative entropy is a good measure for distinguishing between two quantum states (or two classes of quantum states) described by density matrices. We extend this…

For a projective measurement, the Born rule provides the probability for an outcome in terms of the inner product between a projector and a quantum state. If the projector represents a pure entangled state and the state for a composite…

A large literature has grown up around the proposed use of 'weak measurements' (i.e., unsharp measurements followed by post-selection) to allegedly provide information about hidden ontological features of quantum systems. This paper…

There are fundamental limits to the accuracy with which one can determine the state of a quantum system. I give an overview of the main approaches to quantum state discrimination. Several strategies exist. In quantum hypothesis testing, a…

Weak measurements of photon position can be used to obtain direct experimental evidence of the wavefunction of a photon between generation and ultimate detection. Significantly, these measurement results can also be understood as complex…

Error probability is a popular and well-studied optimization criterion in discriminating non-orthogonal quantum states. It captures the threat from an adversary who can only query the actual state once. However, when the adversary is able…

We study an optimized measurement that discriminates two mixed quantum states with maximum confidence for each conclusive result, thereby keeping the overall probability of inconclusive results as small as possible. When the rank of the…

We discuss the possibility of observing quantum nonlocality using the so-called mode entanglement, analyzing the differences between different types of particles in this context. We first discuss the role of coherent states in such…

Fault-tolerant quantum computation can be achieved by creating constant-sized, entangled resource states and performing entangling measurements on subsets of their qubits. Linear optical quantum computers can be designed based on this…

Applications of quantum mechanics have led to many successful predictions and explanations of puzzling phenomena, and we now apply quantum mechanics to gain, process, and communicate information in novel ways. We can understand quantum…

We investigate entanglement properties of a recently introduced class of macroscopic quantum superpositions in two-mode mixed states. One of the tools we use in order to infer the entanglement in this non-Gaussian class of states is the…

Quantum illumination employs entangled states to detect a weakly reflective target in a thermal bath. The performance of a given entangled state is evaluated from the minimum error probability in the asymptotic limit, which is compared…

There is growing belief that the next decade will see the emergence of sensing devices based on the laws of quantum physics that outperform some of our current sensing devices. For example, in frequency estimation, using a probe prepared in…

We investigate duality in entanglement of a bipartite multi-photon system generated from a coherent state of light. The system can exhibit polarization entanglement if the two parts are distinguished by their parity, or parity entanglement…

We employ quantum state discrimination theory to establish the ultimate limit for spoofing detection in electromagnetic signals encoded with random quantum states. Our analysis yields an analytical expression for the optimal bound, which we…