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Constructing an efficient and robust quantum memory is central to the challenge of engineering feasible quantum computer architectures. Quantum error correction codes can solve this problem in theory, but without careful design it can…

We give a short introduction to operator quantum error correction. This is a new protocol for error correction in quantum computing that has brought the fundamental methods under a single umbrella, and has opened up new possibilities for…

Operator Algebras · Mathematics 2007-05-23 David W. Kribs

Building error-corrected quantum computers relies crucially on measuring and modeling noise on candidate devices. In particular, optimal error correction requires knowing the noise that occurs in the device as it executes the circuits…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-01-11 Robin Harper , Steven T. Flammia

Many quantum mechanical experiments can be viewed as multi-round interactive protocols between known quantum circuits and an unknown quantum process. Fully quantum "coherent" access to the unknown process is known to provide an advantage in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-03-14 Zane M. Rossi , Jeffery Yu , Isaac L. Chuang , Sho Sugiura

Even though measurement results obtained in the real world are generally both noisy and continuous, quantum measurement theory tends to emphasize the ideal limit of perfect precision and quantized measurement results. In this article, a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-12-18 Holger F. Hofmann

The identification of spacial noise correlation is of critical importance in developing error-corrected quantum devices, but it has barely been studied so far. In this work, we utilize an effective new method called qubit motion, to…

This is an introduction to software methods of quantum fault tolerance. Broadly speaking, these methods describe strategies for using the noisy hardware components of a quantum computer to perform computations while continually monitoring…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-12-06 Panos Aliferis

Crosstalk and several sources of operational interference are invisible when qubit or a gate is calibrated or benchmarked in isolation. These are unlocked during the execution of full quantum circuit applying entangling gates to several…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-03-02 Muhammad Ahsan

Quantum simulation is a promising way toward practical quantum advantage, but noise in current quantum hardware poses a significant obstacle. We prove that not only the physical error but also the algorithmic error in a single Trotter step…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-29 Jue Xu , Chu Zhao , Junyu Fan , Qi Zhao

We study the conditions under which a subsystem code is correctable in the presence of noise that results from continuous dynamics. We consider the case of Markovian dynamics as well as the general case of Hamiltonian dynamics of the system…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-08-24 Ognyan Oreshkov , Daniel A. Lidar , Todd A. Brun

We introduce a notion of nuclear numerical range defined as the set of expectation values of a given operator $A$ among normalized pure states, which belong to the nucleus of an auxiliary operator $Z$. This notion proves to be applicable to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-01-31 Patryk Lipka-Bartosik , Karol Życzkowski

We investigate the effect of quantum noise on the measurement-induced quantum phase transition in monitored random quantum circuits. Using the efficient simulability of random Clifford circuits, we find that the transition is broadened into…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-08-31 Beatriz C. Dias , Domagoj Perkovic , Masudul Haque , Pedro Ribeiro , Paul A. McClarty

The interaction between solid-state qubits and their environmental degrees of freedom produces non-unitary effects like decoherence and dissipation. Uncontrolled decoherence is one of the main obstacles that must be overcome in quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-11-24 Paula I. Villar , Fernando C. Lombardo

Typical studies of quantum error correction assume probabilistic Pauli noise, largely because it is relatively easy to analyze and simulate. Consequently, the effective logical noise due to physically realistic coherent errors is relatively…

Random and uncontrollable noises from the environment during the design and measurement of superconducting qubits lead to limitations in qubit coherence time and gate fidelity, which is a major challenge in the current state of the art for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-09 Hamid Reza Naeij

A promising strategy to protect quantum information from noise-induced errors is to encode it into the low-energy states of a topological quantum memory device. However, readout errors from such memory under realistic settings is less…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-01-15 Weishun Zhong , Oles Shtanko , Ramis Movassagh

Probabilistic error cancellation is a quantum error mitigation technique capable of producing unbiased computation results but requires an accurate error model. Constructing this model involves estimating a set of parameters, which, in the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-12 Haipeng Xie , Nobuyuki Yoshioka , Kento Tsubouchi , Ying Li

Besides the traditional circuit-based model of quantum computation, several quantum algorithms based on a continuous-time Hamiltonian evolution have recently been introduced, including for instance continuous-time quantum walk algorithms as…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Jeremie Roland , Nicolas J. Cerf

The states of the physical algebra, namely the algebra generated by the operators involved in encoding and processing qubits, are considered instead of those of the whole system-algebra. If the physical algebra commutes with the interaction…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-10-31 Sergio De Filippo

We examine the transformation of noise under a quantum error correcting code (QECC) concatenated repeatedly with itself, by analyzing the effects of a quantum channel after each level of concatenation using recovery operators that are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-02-27 Jesse Fern