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In the paper [Zhang, Li and Guo, Phys. Rev. A 64, 024302 (2001)], a quantum key distribution protocol based on quantum encryption was proposed, in which the quantum key can be reused. However, it is shown that, if Eve employs a special…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-09-29 Fei Gao , Sujuan Qin , Qiaoyan Wen , Fuchen Zhu

Quantum communication is an important application that derives from the burgeoning field of quantum information and quantum computation. Focusing on secure communication, quantum cryptography has two major directions of development, namely…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-08-31 Junxu Li , Zixuan Hu , Sabre Kais

Fast development of supercomputer and perspective quantum computer is posing increasing serious threats to communication security. Based on the laws of quantum mechanics, quantum communication offers provable security of communication, and…

Quantum cryptography is arguably the fastest growing area in quantum information science. Novel theoretical protocols are designed on a regular basis, security proofs are constantly improving, and experiments are gradually moving from…

Information-theoretical security of quantum key distribution (QKD) has been convincingly proven in recent years and remarkable experiments have shown the potential of QKD for real world applications. Due to its unique capability of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-03-26 Marco Lucamarini , James F. Dynes , Bernd Fröhlich , Zhiliang Yuan , Andrew J. Shields

Semi-quantum protocols that allow some of the users to remain classical are proposed for a large class of problems associated with secure communication and secure multiparty computation. Specifically, first time semi-quantum protocols are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-06-10 Chitra Shukla , Kishore Thapliyal , Anirban Pathak

Quantum Key Exchange (QKE, also known as Quantum Key Distribution or QKD) allows communicating parties to securely establish cryptographic keys. It is a well-established fact that all QKE protocols require that the parties have access to an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-08-11 Kenneth G. Paterson , Fred Piper , Ruediger Schack

Counterfactual quantum cryptography (CQC), recently proposed by Noh, is featured with no transmission of signal particles. This exhibits evident security advantage, such as its immunity to the well known PNS attack. In this paper, the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-03-19 Sheng Zhang , Jian Wang , Chao-jing Tang , Quan Zhang

This thesis is focused on the design and analysis of quantum communication protocols. Several schemes for quantum communication have been introduced in the recent past. For example, quantum teleportation, dense coding, quantum key…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-02-24 Mitali Sisodia

Secure communication over long distances is one of the major problems of modern informatics. Classical transmissions are recognized to be vulnerable to quantum computer attacks. Remarkably, the same quantum mechanics that engenders quantum…

The advantages of post-quantum cryptography over classical cryptography are covered in this survey. We address several post-quantum cryptography techniques. We conclude that the deployment of quantum-safe cryptographic systems is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-02-20 Abhinav Awasthi , Atul Chaturvedi

We investigate the post-quantum security of the encrypted key exchange(EKE) protocols based on some basic physical parameters of ion-trap quantum computer, and show that the EKE protocol with a 40-bit password will be secure against a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-06-24 Li Yang , Rui-Rui Zhou

The emergence of Cryptographically Relevant Quantum Computers (CRQCs) presents a critical threat to classical cryptographic systems, particularly widely adopted protocols such as RSA, Diffie-Hellman (DH), and Elliptic Curve Cryptography…

In the last decades, Quantum Cryptography has become one of the most important branches of Quantum Communications with a particular projection over the future Quantum Internet. It is precisely in Quantum Cryptography where two techniques…

General Physics · Physics 2021-02-16 Mario Mastriani

Quantum computers will change the cryptographic panorama. A technology once believed to lay far away into the future is increasingly closer to real world applications. Quantum computers will break the algorithms used in our public key…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2019-07-30 Alejandro Aguado , Victor Lopez , Diego Lopez , Momtchil Peev , Andreas Poppe , Antonio Pastor , Jesus Folgueira , Vicente Martiin

Coherent one-way quantum key distribution (COW-QKD) has been widely investigated, and even been deployed in real-world quantum network. However, the proposal of the zero-error attack has critically undermined its security guarantees, and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-13 Xiao-Yu Cao , Xiao-Ran Sun , Ming-Yang Li , Yu-Shuo Lu , Hua-Lei Yin , Zeng-Bing Chen

As mobile devices pervade physical space, the familiar authentication patterns are becoming insufficient: besides entity authentication, many applications require, e.g., location authentication. Many interesting protocols have been proposed…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2010-07-16 Dusko Pavlovic , Catherine Meadows

Information-theoretic key agreement is impossible to achieve from scratch and must be based on some - ultimately physical - premise. In 2005, Barrett, Hardy, and Kent showed that unconditional security can be obtained in principle based on…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-04-12 Esther Hänggi , Renato Renner , Stefan Wolf

Extending the eavesdropping strategy devised by Zhang, Li and Guo [Phys. Rev. A 63, 036301 (2001)], we show that the multiparty quantum communication protocol based on entanglement swapping, which was proposed by Cabello [quant-ph/0009025],…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Juhui Lee , Soojoon Lee , Jaewan Kim , Sung Dahm Oh

Quantum key distribution (QKD) permits information-theoretically secure transmission of digital encryption keys, assuming that the behaviour of the devices employed for the key exchange can be reliably modelled and predicted. Remarkably, no…