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In the model that has become known as "Perfectly Secure Message Transmission"(PSMT), a sender Alice is connected to a receiver Bob through n parallel two-way channels. A computationally unbounded adversary Eve controls t of these channels,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2016-08-08 Gabriele Spini , Gilles Zémor

Quantum entanglement is the key to quantum communications over considerable distances. The first step for entanglement distribution among quantum communication nodes is to generate link-level Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs between…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-10-30 Karim Elsayed , Wasiur R. KhudaBukhsh , Amr Rizk

We propose a communication protocol exploiting correlations between two events with a definite time-ordering: a) the outcome of a {\em weak measurement} on a spin, and b) the outcome of a subsequent ordinary measurement on the spin. In our…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-10-31 Alonso Botero , Benni Reznik

We determine the covert capacity for entanglement generation over a noisy quantum channel. While secrecy guarantees that the transmitted information remains inaccessible to an adversary, covert communication ensures that the transmission…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-27 Ohad Kimelfeld , Boulat A. Bash , Uzi Pereg

Security of the Ekert protocol is proven against individual attacks where an eavesdropper is allowed to share any density matrix with the two communicating parties. The density matrix spans all of the photon number states of both receivers,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-05-29 Edo Waks , Assaf Zeevi , Yoshihisa Yamamoto

We present a quantum secure direct communication(QSDC) scheme as an extension for a proposed supervised secure entanglement sharing protocol. Starting with a quick review on the supervised entanglement sharing protocol -- the "Wuhan"…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Yue Li , Yu Liu

We suggest here a two-point eavesdropping strategy to two nonorthogonal states protocol of quantum key distribution over a fiber-optic channel. Suppose that the single-photon sources and detectors of Alice, Bob and Eves are ideal ones, the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Li Yang , Ling-An Wu

In the present work, we provide a new quantum secure direct communication protocol and its experimental implementation. The proposed protocol can be used to transfer, in a secure way, continuous signals, like audio signal, from Alice to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-24 V. F. Guedes , S. T. de Oliveira , G. L. de Oliveira , J. B. R. Silva , R. V. Ramos

We investigate the utility of Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen correlations of the position and momentum of photon pairs from parametric down-conversion in the implementation of a secure quantum key distribution protocol. We show that security is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 M. P. Almeida , S. P. Walborn , P. H. Souto Ribeiro

We present a quantum secure direct communication protocol where the channels are not maximally entangled states. The communication parties utilize decoy photons to check eavesdropping. After ensuring the security of the quantum channel, the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-02-19 Jian Wang , Quan Zhang , Chao-jing Tang

We consider a two-user secure computation problem in which Alice and Bob communicate interactively in order to compute some deterministic functions of the inputs. The privacy requirement is that each user should not learn any additional…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-05-12 Gowtham R. Kurri , Vinod M. Prabhakaran

We study quantum secure direct communication by using a general preshared quantum state and a generalization of dense coding. In this scenario, Alice is allowed to apply a unitary on the preshared state to encode her message, and the set of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-06-08 Jiawei Wu , Gui-Lu Long , Masahito Hayashi

An efficient quantum cryptography network protocol is proposed with d-dimension polarized photons, without resorting to entanglement and quantum memory. A server on the network, say Alice, provides the service for preparing and measuring…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-13 Chun-Yan Li , Xi-Han Li , Fu-Guo Deng , Ping Zhou , Yu-Jie Liang , Hong-Yu Zhou

We introduce a quantum key distribution protocol designed to expose fake users that connect to Alice or Bob for the purpose of monopolising the link and denying service. It inherently resists attempts to exhaust Alice and Bob's initial…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-11-15 Alasdair B. Price , John G. Rarity , Chris Erven

This paper consider a new secure communication scene where a full-duplex transmitter (Alan) need to transmit confidential information to a half-duplex receiver (Bob), with a silent eavesdropper (Eve) that tries to eavesdrop the confidential…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2017-10-20 Xinyue Hu , Caihong Kai , Shengli Zhang , Zhongyi Guo , Jun Gao

In single-qubit quantum secret sharing, a secret is shared between N parties via manipulation and measurement of one qubit at a time. Each qubit is sent to all N parties in sequence; the secret is encoded in the first participant's…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-09-12 P. Scherpelz , R. Resch , D. Berryrieser , T. W. Lynn

A scheme for secure communications, called ``Secret-message Transmission by Echoing Encrypted Probes (STEEP)'', is revisited. STEEP is a round-trip scheme with a probing phase from one user to another and an echoing phase in the reverse…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-21 Yingbo Hua

Quantum illumination permits Alice and Bob to communicate at 50 Mbit/s over 50 km of low-loss fiber with error probability less than 10^(-6) while the optimum passive eavesdropper's error probability must exceed 0.28.

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-13 Jeffrey H. Shapiro

This article presents a novel method for establishing an information theoretically secure encryption key over wireless channels. It exploits the fact that data transmission over wireless links is accompanied by packet error, while noise…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-02-08 Amir K. Khandani

There had been well known claims of unconditionally secure quantum protocols for bit commitment. However, we, and independently Mayers, showed that all proposed quantum bit commitment schemes are, in principle, insecure because the sender,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-10-30 H. -K. Lo , H. F. Chau