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The almost sure convergence of ergodic averages in Birkhoff's pointwise ergodic theorem is known to fail in the finitely additive setting. We introduce a natural reformulation of almost sure convergence suitable for finitely additive…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2025-11-05 Morenikeji Neri

Magnitude is a numerical invariant of finite metric spaces, recently introduced by T. Leinster, which is analogous in precise senses to the cardinality of finite sets or the Euler characteristic of topological spaces. It has been extended…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2013-08-27 Mark W. Meckes

Based on the gauge symmetry framework, the $U_1$ symmetry of electrodynamics is violated in the presence of gravity with space-time translational gauge symmetry in inertial frames. For a light ray, an eikonal equation with effective metric…

General Physics · Physics 2019-10-23 Leonardo Hsu , Jong-Ping Hsu , Yun Hao

We prove that a metric measure space $(X,d,m)$ satisfying finite dimensional lower Ricci curvature bounds and whose Sobolev space $W^{1,2}$ is Hilbert is rectifiable. That is, a $RCD^*(K,N)$-space is rectifiable, and in particular for…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2019-05-08 Andrea Mondino , Aaron Naber

We address the question about the reasons why the "Wick-rotated", positive-definite, space-time metric obeys the Pythagorean theorem. An answer is proposed based on the convexity and smoothness properties of the functional spaces purporting…

General Physics · Physics 2017-02-16 Nikolaos Kalogeropoulos

All gauge theories need ``something fixed'' even as ``something changes.'' Underlying the implementation of these ideas all major physical theories make indispensable use of an elaborately designed spacetime model as the ``something…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-04-15 Carl H. Brans

We establish a Ross-Witt Nystr\"om correspondence for weak geodesic lines in the (completed) space of K\"ahler metrics. We construct a wide range of weak geodesic lines on arbitrary projective K\"ahler manifolds that are not generated by…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2026-02-16 Tamás Darvas , Nicholas McCleerey

Human similarity judgments are inconsistent with Euclidean, Hamming, Mahalanobis, and the majority of measures used in the extensive literatures on similarity and dissimilarity. From intrinsic properties of brain circuitry, we derive…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2017-09-27 Antonio M Rodriguez , Richard Granger

Precision measurements of the fundamental constants are tour de force of basic metrology, where the useful information is usually beyond the last digit of the measured value. They challenge theoretical models and measurement technologies…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2020-07-21 Horst Bettin , Kenichi Fujii , John Man , Giovanni Mana , Enrico Massa , Alain Picard

On a convex body in a Euclidean space, we introduce a new variational formulation for its Funk metric, a Finsler metric compatible with the tautological Finsler structure of the convex body. We generalize the metric on Teichmuller spaces…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2012-06-12 Sumio Yamada

Despite all fundamental objections against Newtonian concepts in cosmology, the Friedmann equation derives from these in an astoundingly simple way through application of the shell theorem and conservation of Newtonian energy in an infinite…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-04-05 Herman Telkamp

We prove metric rigidity for complete manifolds supporting solutions of certain second order differential systems, thus extending classical works on a characterization of space-forms. In the route, we also discover new characterizations of…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2009-03-06 Stefano Pigola , Michele Rimoldi

In this paper we prove that no consistent finitely axiomatized theory one-dimensionally interprets its own extension with predicative comprehension. This constitutes a result with the flavor of the Second Incompleteness Theorem whose…

Logic · Mathematics 2021-09-07 Fedor Pakhomov , Albert Visser

We show that quantum mechanics and general relativity imply the existence of a minimal length. To be more precise, we show that no operational device subject to quantum mechanics, general relativity and causality could exclude the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 Xavier Calmet

We give an affine proof of Feuerbach's theorem, by constructing an explicit affine map which takes the nine-point circle of any given Euclidean triangle to the incircle and fixes the Feuerbach point. The proof is shown to be valid in any…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2017-11-28 Patrick Morton

A new metric on the open 2-dimensional unit disk is defined making it a geodesically complete metric space whose geodesic lines are precisely the Euclidean straight lines. Moreover, it is shown that the unit disk with this new metric is not…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2023-10-16 Charalampos Charitos , Ioannis Papadoperakis , Georgios Tsapogas

We prove a series of results on the size of distance sets corresponding to sets in the Euclidean space. These distances are generated by bounded convex sets and the results depend explicitly on the geometry of these sets. We also use a…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2007-05-23 A. Iosevich , I. Laba

It is shown that in the weak field approximation the new geometrical approach can lead to the linear field equations for the several independent fields. For the stronger fields and in the second order approximation the field equations…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2007-09-18 G. I. Garas'ko

The usual notion of set-convexity, valid in the classical Euclidean context, metamorphoses into several distinct convexity types in the more general Riemannian setting. By studying this phenomenon in reverse, we characterize complete…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2016-11-29 Octavian Mitrea

This is the dawning of the age of precision cosmology, when all the important parameters will be established to one significant figure or better, within the cosmological model. In the age of accurate cosmology the model, which nowadays…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 P. J. E. Peebles
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