Related papers: Realistic interpretation of a superposition state …
As is well known, the double slit experiment contains every key concepts of quantum mechanics such as phase effect, probability wave, quantum interference, quantum superposition. In this article, I will clarify the meaning of quantum…
A 'state property system' is the mathematical structure which models an arbitrary physical system by means of its set of states, its set of properties, and a relation of 'actuality of a certain property for a certain state'. We work out a…
We introduce a generalization of entanglement based on the idea that entanglement is relative to a distinguished subspace of observables rather than a distinguished subsystem decomposition. A pure quantum state is entangled relative to such…
Mixture models are often used to identify meaningful subpopulations (i.e., clusters) in observed data such that the subpopulations have a real-world interpretation (e.g., as cell types). However, when used for subpopulation discovery,…
We discuss some physical consequences of what might be called ``the ultimate ensemble theory'', where not only worlds corresponding to say different sets of initial data or different physical constants are considered equally real, but also…
Transparency is a major requirement of modern AI based decision making systems deployed in real world. A popular approach for achieving transparency is by means of explanations. A wide variety of different explanations have been proposed…
Realistic equations of state valid in the whole state space of a multi-component mixture should satisfy at least three important constraints: (i) The Gibbs phase rule holds. (ii) At low densities, one can deduce a virial equation of state…
For a macroscopic, isolated quantum system in an unknown pure state, the expectation value of any given observable is shown to hardly deviate from the ensemble average with extremely high probability under generic equilibrium and…
We use a simple example to illustrate why it is not possible to consider that a measurement reveals an underlying objective reality of a property of a quantum system, that continues the same after the measurement is performed. This kind of…
One of the promising methods for the treatment of complex diseases such as cancer is combinational therapy. Due to the combinatorial complexity, machine learning models can be useful in this field, where significant improvements have…
The paper reviews and discusses four ideas scattered in previous papers of the author. First, objective properties of quantum systems are not associated with observables but are defined by preparations. Second, measurable results of…
Multi-model ensembles provide a pragmatic approach to the representation of model uncertainty in climate prediction. However, such representations are inherently ad hoc, and, as shown, probability distributions of climate variables based on…
We present a review on the notion of pure states and mixtures as mathematical concepts that apply for both classical and quantum physical theories, as well as for any other theory depending on statistical description. Here, states will be…
We consider the foundational relation between arithmetic and set theory. Our goal is to criticize the construction of standard arithmetic models as providing grounds for arithmetic truth (even in a relative sense). Our method is to…
The paper proves that quantum mechanics is compatible with the constructive realism of modern philosophy of science. The proof is based on the observation that properties of quantum systems that are uniquely determined by their preparations…
It is well known that different preparations of a mixed state cannot be distinguished by a measurement of that state. Yet we show that some other experiments let us make this distinction despite a very general belief that this would not be…
Attempts to replicate probabilistic reasoning in expert systems have typically overlooked a critical ingredient of that process. Probabilistic analysis typically requires extensive judgments regarding interdependencies among hypotheses and…
Quantifying mixed-state entanglement in many-body systems has been a formidable task. In this work, we quantify the entanglement of states in unresolvable spin ensembles, which are inherently mixed. By exploiting their permutationally…
We consider fundamental limits on the detectable size of macroscopic quantum superpositions. We argue that a full quantum mechanical treatment of system plus measurement device is required, and that a (classical) reference frame for phase…
An open quantum system in steady state $\hat\rho_{ss}$ can be represented by a weighted ensemble of pure states $\hat\rho_{ss}=\sum_{k}\wp_{k}\ket{\psi_k} \bra{\psi_k}$ in infinitely many ways. A physically realizable (PR) ensemble is one…