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The quantum computing devices of today have tens to hundreds of qubits that are highly susceptible to noise due to unwanted interactions with their environment. The theory of quantum error correction provides a scheme by which the effects…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-08-02 Akshaya Jayashankar , Prabha Mandayam

Quantum state tomography (QST) is the process of reconstructing the state of a quantum system (mathematically described as a density matrix) through a series of different measurements, which can be solved by learning a parameterized…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-31 Hailan Ma , Zhenhong Sun , Daoyi Dong , Chunlin Chen , Herschel Rabitz

Characterizing noisy quantum processes is important to quantum computation and communication (QCC), since quantum systems are generally open. To date, all methods of characterization of quantum dynamics (CQD), typically implemented by…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-01-28 S. Omkar , R. Srikanth , S. Banerjee

Quantum metrology of an incoherent signal is a canonical sensing problem related to superresolution and noise spectroscopy. We show that quantum computing can accelerate searches for a weak incoherent signal when the signal and noise are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-23 James W. Gardner , Federico Belliardo , Gideon Lee , Tuvia Gefen , Liang Jiang

A significant problem for current quantum computers is noise. While there are many distinct noise channels, the depolarizing noise model often appropriately describes average noise for large circuits involving many qubits and gates. We…

A significant obstacle for practical quantum computation is the loss of physical qubits in quantum computers, a decoherence mechanism most notably in optical systems. Here we experimentally demonstrate, both in the quantum circuit model and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-05-16 Chao-Yang Lu , Wei-Bo Gao , Jin Zhang , Xiao-Qi Zhou , Tao Yang , Jian-Wei Pan

We describe in detail a set of ideas for implementing qubits, quantum gates and quantum gate networks in a semiconductor heterostructure device. Our proposal is based on an extension of the technology used for surface acoustic wave (SAW)…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2009-10-31 C. H. W. Barnes , J. M. Shilton , A. M. Robinson

Quantum computers require error correction to achieve universal quantum computing. However, current decoding of quantum error-correcting codes relies on classical computation, which is slower than quantum operations in superconducting…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-11 Pan Zhang

Quantum computation offers a promising new kind of information processing, where the non-classical features of quantum mechanics can be harnessed and exploited. A number of models of quantum computation exist, including the now well-studied…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-08-03 H. J. Briegel , D. E. Browne , W. Dür , R. Raussendorf , M. Van den Nest

In theory, quantum computers can efficiently simulate quantum physics, factor large numbers and estimate integrals, thus solving otherwise intractable computational problems. In practice, quantum computers must operate with noisy devices…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 E. Knill

We illustrate the application of Quantum Computing techniques to the investigation of the thermodynamical properties of a simple system, made up of three quantum spins with frustrated pair interactions and affected by a hard sign problem…

As we enter a new era of quantum technology, it is increasingly important to develop methods to aid in the accurate preparation of quantum states for a variety of materials, matter, and devices. Computational techniques can be used to…

Resource theories play a crucial role in characterizing states and properties essential for quantum information processing. A significant challenge is protecting resources from errors. We explore strategies for correcting quantum resources.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-19 Mark Byrd , Daniel Dilley , Alvin Gonzales , Masaya Takahashi , Zain Saleem , Lian-Ao Wu

Quantum computing devices are inevitably subject to errors. To leverage quantum technologies for computational benefits in practical applications, quantum algorithms and protocols must be implemented reliably under noise and imperfections.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-07-18 Jihye Kim , Byungdu Oh , Yonuk Chong , Euyheon Hwang , Daniel K. Park

Quantum error mitigation techniques can reduce noise on current quantum hardware without the need for fault-tolerant quantum error correction. For instance, the quasiprobability method simulates a noise-free quantum computer using a noisy…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-02-01 Christophe Piveteau , David Sutter , Stefan Woerner

While Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) techniques are unlikely to lead to a large scale quantum computer they are well suited to investigating basic phenomena and developing new techniques. Indeed it is likely that many existing NMR…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Jonathan A. Jones

This is an expository article aiming to introduce the reader to the underlying mathematics and geometry of quantum error correction. Information stored on quantum particles is subject to noise and interference from the environment. Quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-01-10 Simeon Ball , Aina Centelles , Felix Huber

Quantum computers are now on the brink of outperforming their classical counterparts. One way to demonstrate the advantage of quantum computation is through quantum random sampling performed on quantum computing devices. However, existing…

The reliable characterization of quantum states is a fundamental task in quantum information science. For this purpose, quantum state tomography provides a standard framework for reconstructing quantum states from measurement data, yet it…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-14 Yixuan Hu , Mengru Ma , Jiangwei Shang

A central task in medical imaging is the reconstruction of an image or function from data collected by medical devices (e.g., CT, MRI, and PET scanners). We provide quantum algorithms for image reconstruction with exponential speedup over…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-04-27 Bobak Toussi Kiani , Agnes Villanyi , Seth Lloyd