Related papers: Effects of dynamical phases in Shor's factoring al…
Quantum computing devices are believed to be powerful in solving the prime factorization problem, which is at the heart of widely deployed public-key cryptographic tools. However, the implementation of Shor's quantum factorization algorithm…
The assumed computationally difficulty of factoring large integers forms the basis of security for RSA public-key cryptography, which specifically relies on products of two large primes or semi-primes. The best-known factoring algorithms…
In a quantum computer any superposition of inputs evolves unitarily into the corresponding superposition of outputs. It has been recently demonstrated that such computers can dramatically speed up the task of finding factors of large…
The intermediate quantum states of multiple qubits, generated during the operation of Shor's factoring algorithm are analyzed. Their entanglement is evaluated using the Groverian measure. It is found that the entanglement is generated…
These are pedagogical notes on Shor's factoring algorithm, which is a quantum algorithm for factoring very large numbers (of order of hundreds to thousands of bits) in polynomial time. In contrast, all known classical algorithms for the…
Shor's algorithm, which given appropriate hardware can factorise an integer $N$ in a time polynomial in its binary length $L$, has arguable spurred the race to build a practical quantum computer. Several different quantum circuits…
A major obstacle to implementing Shor's quantum number-factoring algorithm is the large size of modular-exponentiation circuits. We reduce this bottleneck by customizing reversible circuits for modular multiplication to individual runs of…
Recently, Cai showed that Shor's quantum factoring algorithm fails to factor large integers when the algorithm's quantum Fourier transform (QFT) is corrupted by a vanishing level of random noise on the QFT's precise controlled rotation…
Factoring integers is considered as a computationally-hard problem for classical methods, whereas there exists polynomial-time Shor's quantum algorithm for solving this task. However, requirements for running the Shor's algorithm for…
We present fast and highly parallelized versions of Shor's algorithm. With a sizable quantum computer it would then be possible to factor numbers with millions of digits. The main algorithm presented here uses FFT-based fast integer…
It is commonly assumed that Shor's quantum algorithm for the efficient factorization of a large number $N$ requires a pure initial state. Here we demonstrate that a single pure qubit together with a collection of $log_2 N$ qubits in an…
Typical circuit implementations of Shor's algorithm involve controlled rotation gates of magnitude $\pi/2^{2L}$ where $L$ is the binary length of the integer N to be factored. Such gates cannot be implemented exactly using existing…
The preprocessing stage of Shor's algorithm generates a class of quantum states referred to as periodic states, on which the quantum Fourier transform is applied. Such states also play an important role in other quantum algorithms that rely…
Shor's algorithm can find prime factors of a large number more efficiently than any known classical algorithm. Understanding the properties that gives the speedup is essential for a general and scalable construction. Here we present a…
We heuristically show that Shor's algorithm for computing general discrete logarithms achieves an expected success probability of approximately 60% to 82% in a single run when modified to enable efficient implementation with the…
Quantum computing technology may soon deliver revolutionary improvements in algorithmic performance, but these are only useful if computed answers are correct. While hardware-level decoherence errors have garnered significant attention, a…
The security of messages encoded via the widely used RSA public key encryption system rests on the enormous computational effort required to find the prime factors of a large number N using classical (i.e., conventional) computers. In 1994,…
This paper presents a computer program, written in Maple, that allows a user to simulate certain aspects of Shor's quantum factoring algorithm on a desktop or laptop computer. The program does not simulate the unitary operations carried out…
We show how the execution time of algorithms on quantum computers depends on the architecture of the quantum computer, the choice of algorithms (including subroutines such as arithmetic), and the ``clock speed'' of the quantum computer. The…
Factoring large integers using a quantum computer is an outstanding research problem that can illustrate true quantum advantage over classical computers. Exponential time order is required in order to find the prime factors of an integer by…