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Exceptional points associated with non-hermitian operators, i.e. operators being non-hermitian for real parameter values, are investigated. The specific characteristics of the eigenfunctions at the exceptional point are worked out. Within…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 W. D. Heiss

An interplay of an exotic quantum holonomy and exceptional points is examined in one-dimensional Bose systems. The eigenenergy anholonomy, in which Hermitian adiabatic cycle induces nontrivial change in eigenenergies, can be interpreted as…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-07-16 Atushi Tanaka , Nobuhiro Yonezawa , Taksu Cheon

In photonics, most systems are non-Hermitian due to radiation into open space and material losses. At the same time, non-Hermitianity defines a new physics, in particular, it gives rise to a new class of degenerations called exceptional…

Optics · Physics 2023-08-09 Nikolay Solodovchenko , Kirill Samusev , Mikhail Limonov

The emergence of exceptional points in non-Hermitian systems represents an intriguing phenomenon characterized by the coalescence of eigenenergies and eigenstates. When a system approaches an exceptional point, it exhibits a heightened…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-05-21 Shu-Xuan Wang , Zhongbo Yan

Exceptional points~(EPs) appear as degeneracies in the spectrum of non-Hermitian matrices at which the eigenvectors coalesce. In general, an EP of order $n$ may find room to emerge if $2(n-1)$ real constraints are imposed. Our results show…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-07-29 Sharareh Sayyad , Flore K. Kunst

Real eigenvalues of pseudo-Hermitian matrices, such as real matrices and $\mathcal{PT-}$symmetric matrices, frequently split into complex conjugate pairs. This is accompanied by the breaking of certain symmetries of the eigenvectors and,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-04-20 Abhijeet Melkani

In a recent paper [Phys. Rev. E 67, 026204 (2003)], Rotter calculates the geometric phases that are picked up by the eigenvectors of a two-state quantum system when an exceptional point is encircled. In addition to the geometric phases…

Chaotic Dynamics · Physics 2007-05-23 C. Dembowski , B. Dietz , H. -D. Graef , H. L. Harney , A. Heine , W. D. Heiss , A. Richter

Exceptional points (EPs) are spectral singularities in non-Hermitian systems where eigenvalues and their corresponding eigenstates coalesce simultaneously. In this study, we calculate scattering poles in an open spherical solid and propose…

Classical Physics · Physics 2024-09-16 Hiroaki Deguchi , Kei Matsushima , Takayuki Yamada

Exceptional points as branch singularities describe peculiar degeneracies of non-Hermitian systems that do not obey energy conservation. This work shows that exceptional points can emerge in a topological photonic system, for example, the…

Optics · Physics 2021-07-13 Junhua Dong , Chang-Yin Ji , Qingmei Hu , Bingsuo Zou , Yongyou Zhang

Exceptional points, at which two or more eigenfunctions of a Hamiltonian coalesce, occur in non-Hermitian systems and lead to surprising physical effects. In particular, the behaviour of a system under parameter variation can differ…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-12-04 Bradley Longstaff , Eva-Maria Graefe

It is demonstrated that almost any S-matrix of quantum field theory in curved spaces posses an infinite set of complex poles (or branch cuts). These poles can be transformed into complex eigenvalues, the corresponding eigenvectors being…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-11-01 M. Castagnino , F. Lombardo

Exceptional point (EP) associated with eigenstates coalescence in non-Hermitian systems has many exotic features. The EPs are generally sensitive to system parameters, here we report symmetry protected isolated EPs in the Brillouin zone…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-05-07 S. Lin , L. Jin , Z. Song

Exceptional points are singularities of eigenvalues and eigenvectors for complex values of, say, an interaction parameter. They occur universally and are square root branch point singularities of the eigenvalues in the vicinity of level…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 W. D. Heiss

We study the coalescence of two bound energy eigenstates embedded in the continuous spectrum of a real Hamiltonian $H[4]$ and the singular point produced by this coalescence. At the singular point, the two unnormalized Jost eigenfunctions…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-02-21 E. Hernández , A. Jáuregui , D. Lohr , A. Mondragón

Open systems with non-Hermitian degeneracies called exceptional points show a significantly enhanced response to perturbations in terms of large energy splittings induced by a small perturbation. This reaction can be quantified by the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-09-08 Jan Wiersig

A conceptual bridge is provided between SUSY and the three-Hilbert-space upgrade of quantum theory a.k.a. ${\cal PT}-$symmetric or quasi-Hermitian. In particular, a natural theoretical link is found between SUSY and the presence of Kato's…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-11-27 Miloslav Znojil

Exceptional points (EPs) with a global collapse of pairs of eigenfunctions are shown to arise in two locally-coupled and spatially-extended optical structures with balanced gain and loss. Global collapse at the EP deeply changes light…

Optics · Physics 2021-02-19 Stefano Longhi

Exceptional points are universal level degeneracies induced by non-Hermiticity. Whereas past decades witnessed their new physics, the unified understanding has yet to be obtained. Here we present the complete classification of generic…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2019-08-13 Kohei Kawabata , Takumi Bessho , Masatoshi Sato

We reveal a novel topological property of the exceptional points in a two-level parity-time symmetric system and then propose a scheme to detect the topological exceptional points in the system, which is embedded in a larger Hilbert space…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-08-02 Jian Xu , Yan-Xiong Du , Wei Huang , Dan-Wei Zhang

We show a parameter-dependent $3\times 3$ non-Hermitian matrix that exhibits both degeneracy and coalescence of eigenvalues at an exceptional point (Hermitian and non-Hermitian degeneracies). This simple non-Hermitian model is suitable for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-08-19 Francisco M. Fernández