Related papers: Two roles of relativistic spin operators
We investigate the correlations between the quark spin and orbital angular momentum inside the nucleon. Similarly to the Ji relation, we show that these correlations can be expressed in terms of specific moments of measurable parton…
On the basis of the Wigner unitary representations of the covering group ISL(2,C) of the Poincar\'{e} group, we obtain spin-tensor wave functions of free massive particles with arbitrary spin. The wave functions automatically satisfy the…
The classical Hilbert space formulation of the axioms of Quantum Mechanics appears to leave open the question whether the Hermitian operators which are associated with the observables of a finite non-relativistic quantum system are uniquely…
Parallel to the construction of gauge invariant spin and orbital angular momentum for QED in paper (I) of this series, we present here an analogous but non-trivial solution for QCD. Explicitly gauge invariant spin and orbital angular…
The existence of incompatibility is one of the most fundamental features of quantum theory, and can be found at the core of many of the theory's distinguishing features, such as Bell inequality violations and the no-broadcasting theorem. A…
The Pryce (e) spin and position operators of the quantum theory of Dirac's free field were re-defined and studied recently with the help of a new spin symmetry and suitable spectral representations [I. I. Cot\u aescu, Eur. Phys. J. C (2022)…
In this second paper in a series, we show that the the general statistical approach to nonrelativistic quantum mechanics developed in the first paper yields a representation of quantum spin and magnetic moments based on classical…
We present an analytical study of the spin projection operator of the spin state and the helicity state. It is pointed out emphatically that the former is Lorentz covariant, while the latter is a nonrelativistic two-component operator. In…
Quantum entanglement occurs not just in discrete systems such as spins, but also in the spatial wave functions of systems with more than one degree of freedom. It is easy to introduce students to entangled wave functions at an early stage,…
In a previous Letter, we showed that physical scattering observables for compact spinning objects in general relativity can depend on additional degrees of freedom in the spin tensor beyond those described by the spin vector alone. In this…
The Schwinger's representation of angular momentum(AM) relates two important fundamental models, that of AM and that of harmonic oscillator(HO). However, the representation offers only the relations of operators but not states. Here, by…
Some new identities for quantum variance and covariance involving commutators are presented, in which the density matrix and the operators are treated symmetrically. A measure of entanglement is proposed for bipartite systems, based on…
After analyzing Dirac's equation, one can suggest that a well-known quantum-mechanical momentum operator is associated with relativistic momentum, rather than with non-relativistic one. Consideration of relativistic energy and momentum…
The di-fermion angular distribution observed in decays of inclusively produced vector particles is characterized by two frame-independent observables, reflecting the average spin-alignment of the produced particle and the magnitude of…
The two-point correlation function of chaotic systems with spin 1/2 is evaluated using periodic orbits. The spectral form factor for all times thus becomes accessible. Equivalence with the predictions of random matrix theory for the…
Within the light-quark sector of the standard model, P-odd observables are generated from point-like electroweak processes while A_t- odd observables (neglecting quark mass parameters) come from dynamic spin-orbit correlations within…
The relativistic conception of space and time is challenged by the quantum nature of physical observables. It has been known for a long time that Poincar\'e symmetry of field theory can be extended to the larger conformal symmetry. We use…
In this work we discuss the notion of observable - both quantum and classical - from a new point of view. In classical mechanics, an observable is represented as a function (measurable, continuous or smooth), whereas in (von Neumann's…
In the problem of entanglement there exist two different notions. One is the entanglement of a quantum state, characterizing the state structure. The other is entanglement production by quantum operators, describing the action of operators…
We derive exact expressions, in the form of Fourier integrals over the (k,w) domain, for the energy, momentum, and angular momentum of a light pulse propagating in free space. The angular momentum is seen to split naturally into two parts.…