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In this paper we study a generalized model named one-way general quantum finite automata} (1gQFA), in which each symbol in the input alphabet induces a trace-preserving quantum operation, instead of a unitary transformation. Two different…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-10-26 Lvzhou Li , Daowen Qiu , Xiangfu Zou , Lvjun Li , Lihua Wu , Paulo Mateus

Although polynomial-time probabilistic Turing machines can utilize uncomputable transition probabilities to recognize uncountably many languages with bounded error when allowed to use logarithmic space, it is known that such "magic coins"…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2014-12-01 A. C. Cem Say , Abuzer Yakaryilmaz

Formal languages are essential for computer programming and are constructed to be easily processed by computers. In contrast, natural languages are much more challenging and instigated the field of Natural Language Processing (NLP). One…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-15 Daphne Wang

This paper investigates the possibility of performing automated reasoning in probabilistic logic when probabilities are expressed by means of linguistic quantifiers. Each linguistic term is expressed as a prescribed interval of proportions.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-03-25 Didier Dubois , Henri Prade , Lluis Godo , Ramon Lopez de Mantaras

The outcomes of quantum mechanical experiments are inherently random. It is therefore necessary to develop stringent methods for quantifying the degree of statistical uncertainty about the results of quantum experiments. For the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-10-11 Daniel Suess , Łukasz Rudnicki , Thiago O. Maciel , David Gross

Phase estimation is a quantum algorithm for measuring the eigenvalues of a Hamiltonian. We propose and rigorously analyse a randomized phase estimation algorithm with two distinctive features. First, our algorithm has complexity independent…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-08-09 Kianna Wan , Mario Berta , Earl T. Campbell

Quantum state discrimination is a fundamental task that is meaningful in quantum information theory. In this manuscript, we consider a revised unambiguous discrimination of quantum resources. First, we present an upper bound of the success…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-10-08 Xian Shi

This paper studies the important problem of quantum classification of Boolean functions from a entirely novel perspective. Typically, quantum classification algorithms allow us to classify functions with a probability of $1.0$, if we are…

The problem of distinguishing between a random function and a random permutation on a domain of size $N$ is important in theoretical cryptography, where the security of many primitives depend on the problem's hardness. We study the quantum…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2013-12-23 Henry Yuen

We introduce probability estimation, a broadly applicable framework to certify randomness in a finite sequence of measurement results without assuming that these results are independent and identically distributed. Probability estimation…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-11-30 Yanbao Zhang , Emanuel Knill , Peter Bierhorst

Understanding quantum speed-up over classical computing is fundamental for the development of efficient quantum algorithms. In this paper, we study such problem within the framework of the Quantum Query Model, which represents the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-03-07 S. A. Grillo , F. L. Marquezino

Quantum sequential machines (QSMs) are a quantum version of stochastic sequential machines (SSMs). Recently, we showed that two QSMs M_1 and M_2 with n_1 and n_2 states, respectively, are equivalent iff they are (n_1+n_2)^2--equivalent…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-09-08 Lvzhou Li , Daowen Qiu

Quantum mechanics is a fundamentally probabilistic theory (at least so far as the empirical predictions are concerned). It follows that, if one wants to properly understand quantum mechanics, it is essential to clearly understand the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 D. M. Appleby

To support the understanding of declarative probabilistic programming languages, we introduce a lambda-calculus with a fair binary probabilistic choice that chooses between its arguments with equal probability. The reduction strategy of the…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2022-05-31 David Sabel , Manfred Schmidt-Schauß , Luca Maio

Quantum signal processing (QSP) provides a systematic framework for implementing a polynomial transformation of a linear operator, and unifies nearly all known quantum algorithms. In parallel, recent works have developed randomized…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-26 John M. Martyn , Patrick Rall

We propose a computing model, the Two-Way Optical Interference Automata (2OIA), that makes use of the phenomenon of optical interference. We introduce this model to investigate the increase in power, in terms of language recognition, of a…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2007-05-23 M. V. Panduranga Rao

The (meta)logic underlying classical theory of computation is Boolean (two-valued) logic. Quantum logic was proposed by Birkhoff and von Neumann as a logic of quantum mechanics more than sixty years ago. The major difference between Boolean…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2013-04-02 Mingsheng Ying

Quantum search/amplitude amplification algorithms are designed to be able to amplify the amplitude in the target state linearly with the number of operations. Since the probability is the square of the amplitude, this results in the success…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-06-03 Lov K. Grover

Consider a function f which is defined on the integers from 1 to N and takes the values -1 and +1. The parity of f is the product over all x from 1 to N of f(x). With no further information about f, to classically determine the parity of f…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-01-23 E. Farhi , J. Goldstone , S. Gutmann , M. Sipser

We present a comparison between the Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) and two widely studied competing methods, Quantum Annealing (QA) and Simulated Annealing (SA). To achieve this, we define a class of optimization problems…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-01-08 Michael Streif , Martin Leib