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Quantum theory of photons based on the first quantization technique, similar to that used by Schroedinger in the formulation of quantum mechanics, is considered. First, scalar quantum mechanics of photons operating with the photon wave…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-14 Boris Chichkov

I introduce a spinor field theory for the photon. The three-dimensional vector electromagnetic field and the four-dimensional vector potential are components of this spinor photon field. A spinor equation for the photon field is derived…

General Physics · Physics 2011-09-20 Ruo Peng Wang

The purpose of this article is to show that the standard method of introducing the quantum description of the electromagnetic field -- by canonical field quantization -- is not the only one. We have chosen instead as the starting point the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-09-30 Iwo Bialynicki-Birula , Zofia Bialynicka-Birula

We perform the covariant canonical quantization of the CPT- and Lorentz-symmetry-violating photon sector of the minimal Standard-Model Extension, which contains a general (timelike, lightlike, or spacelike) fixed background tensor…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2017-02-08 D. Colladay , P. McDonald , J. P. Noordmans , R. Potting

The monochromatic Dirac and polychromatic Titulaer-Glauber quantized field theories (QFTs) of electromagnetism are derived from a photon-energy wave function in much the same way that one derives QFT for electrons, that is, by quantization…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-11-26 Brian J. Smith , M. G. Raymer

In near-field optics and optical tunneling theory, photon wave mechanics, i.e., the first quantized theory of the photon, allows us to address the spatial field localization problem in a flexible manner which links smoothly to classical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-26 Zhi-Yong Wang , Cai-Dong Xiong , Ole Keller

We extend classical Maxwell field theory to a first quantized theory of the photon by deriving a conserved Lorentz four-current whose zero component is a positive definite number density. Fields are real and their positive (negative)…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-07-24 Margaret Hawton

We discuss a new simple field theory approach of Coulomb systems. Using a description in terms of fields, we introduce in a new way the statistical degrees of freedom in relation with the quantum mechanics. We show on a series of examples…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2008-09-29 D. di Caprio , J. P. Badiali , M. Holovko

In this paper we discuss the relation between the standard covariant quantum field theory and light-front field theory. We define covariant theory by its Feynman diagrams, whereas light-front field theory is defined in terms of light-cone…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-10-28 N. E. Ligterink , B. L. G. Bakker

The modification of the quantum properties of coherence of photons through their interaction with matter lies at the heart of the quantum theory of light. Indeed, the absorption and emission of photons by atoms can lead to different kinds…

It is shown that a Dirac(-type) equation for a rank-two bi-spinor field on Minkowski (configuration) spacetime furnishes a Lorentz-covariant quantum-mechanical wave equation in position-space representation for a single free photon. This…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2019-01-04 Michael K. -H. Kiessling , A. Shadi Tahvildar-Zadeh

We second quantize the Fermi Lagrangian in the Lorenz gauge to obtain a covariant theory of photon quantum mechanics. Number density is real so it is interpreted as position probability density. The Hilbert space is the vector space of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-04 Margaret Hawton

A Lorentz-covariant system of wave equations is formulated for a quantum-mechanical three-body system in one space dimension, comprised of one photon and two identical massive spin one-half Dirac particles, which can be thought of as two…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2024-11-13 Lawrence Frolov , Samuel E. Leigh , A. Shadi Tahvildar-Zadeh

The quantum theory of U(1) connections admits a diffeomorphism invariant representation in which the electric flux through any surface is quantized. This representation is the analog of the representation of quantum SU(2) theory used in…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-07 Madhavan Varadarajan

A universal C*-algebra of the electromagnetic field is constructed. It is represented in any quantum field theory which incorporates electromagnetism and expresses basic features of this field such as Maxwell's equations, Poincar\'e…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2015-10-20 Detlev Buchholz , Fabio Ciolli , Giuseppe Ruzzi , Ezio Vasselli

We describe a refined version of a previous proposal for the exploration of quantum gravity phenomenology. Unlike the original scheme, the one presented here is free from sign ambiguities while it shares with the previous one the essential…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-05-13 Yuri Bonder , Daniel Sudarsky

We show that the standard method of introducing the quantum description of the electromagnetic field -- by canonical field quantization -- is not the only one. We have chosen here the relativistic quantum mechanics of the photon as the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-10-28 Iwo Bialynicki-Birula , Zofia Bialynicka-Birula

In terms of a photon wave function corresponding to the (1, 0)+(0, 1) representation of the Lorentz group, the radiation and Coulomb fields within a source-free region can be described unitedly by a Lorentz-covariant Dirac-like equation. In…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-09-26 Zhi-Yong Wang , Cai-Dong Xiong , Qi Qiu

The quantization of the electromagnetic field in vacuum is presented without reference to lagrangean quantum field theory. The equal time commutators of the fields are calculated from basic principles. A physical discussion of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 A. C. de la Torre

Let us abandon for a moment the strict epistemological standpoint of quantum field theory, that eventually comes to declare nonsensical any question about the photon posed outside the quantum theoretical framework. We can then avail of the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-11-11 S. Antoci , L. Mihich
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