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The difference between classical and quantum algorithms (QA) is following: problem solved by QA is coded in the structure of the quantum operators. Input to QA in this case is always the same. Output of QA says which problem coded. In some…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-04-27 Sergey V. Ulyanov , Viktor S. Ulyanov

Quantum computers promise to efficiently solve not only problems believed to be intractable for classical computers, but also problems for which verifying the solution is also considered intractable. This raises the question of how one can…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-07-10 Alexandru Gheorghiu , Theodoros Kapourniotis , Elham Kashefi

Quantum encryption is a well studied problem for both classical and quantum information. However, little is known about quantum encryption schemes which enable the user, under different keys, to learn different functions of the plaintext,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-03-02 Aditya Ahuja

We obtain the strongest separation between quantum and classical query complexity known to date -- specifically, we define a black-box problem that requires exponentially many queries in the classical bounded-error case, but can be solved…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 J. Niel de Beaudrap , Richard Cleve , John Watrous

Quantum entanglement is a fundamental property of quantum mechanics and plays a crucial role in quantum computation and information. We study entanglement via the lens of computational complexity by considering quantum generalizations of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-03-01 Fernando Granha Jeronimo , Pei Wu

Quantum digital signature is used to authenticate the identity of the signer with information theoretical security, while providing non-forgery and non-repudiation services. In traditional multi-receiver quantum digital signature schemes…

We propose an efficient scheme for verifying quantum computations in the `high complexity' regime i.e. beyond the remit of classical computers. Previously proposed schemes remarkably provide confidence against arbitrarily malicious…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-05-24 Richard Jozsa , Sergii Strelchuk

In this note we study the power of so called query-limited computers. We compare the strength of a classical computer that is allowed to ask two questions to an NP-oracle with the strength of a quantum computer that is allowed only one such…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Wim van Dam

We study a model where two opposing provers debate over the membership status of a given string in a language, trying to convince a weak verifier whose coins are visible to all. We show that the incorporation of just two qubits to an…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2015-07-13 Abuzer Yakaryilmaz , A. C. Cem Say , H. Gökalp Demirci

We propose and construct a quantum money scheme that allows verification through classical communication with a bank. This is the first demonstration that a secure quantum money scheme exists that does not require quantum communication for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-03-30 Dmytro Gavinsky

Entanglement is an important resource that allows quantum technologies to go beyond the classically possible. There are many ways quantum systems can be entangled, ranging from the archetypal two-qubit case to more exotic scenarios of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-06-27 Nicolai Friis , Giuseppe Vitagliano , Mehul Malik , Marcus Huber

We present a classical interactive protocol that verifies the validity of a quantum witness state for the local Hamiltonian problem. It follows from this protocol that approximating the non-local value of a multi-player one-round game to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-28 Zhengfeng Ji

In the absence of any efficient classical schemes for verifying a universal quantum computer, the importance of limiting the required quantum resources for this task has been highlighted recently. Currently, most of efficient quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-24 Theodoros Kapourniotis , Vedran Dunjko , Elham Kashefi

Classical verification of quantum learning allows classical clients to reliably leverage quantum computing advantages by interacting with untrusted quantum servers. Yet, current quantum devices available in practice suffers from a variety…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-11-15 Yinghao Ma , Jiaxi Su , Dong-Ling Deng

Current methods for verifying quantum computers are predominately based on interactive or automatic theorem provers. Considering that quantum computers are dynamical in nature, this paper employs and extends the concepts from the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-08-15 Marco Lewis , Sadegh Soudjani , Paolo Zuliani

Quantum computing will change the way we tackle certain problems. It promises to dramatically speed-up many chemical, financial, and machine-learning applications. However, to capitalize on those promises, complex design flows composed of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-10-28 Lukas Burgholzer , Robert Wille

We introduce a model-checking tool intended specially for the analysis of quantum information protocols. The tool incorporates an efficient representation of a certain class of quantum circuits, namely those expressible in the so-called…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-04-21 Simon Gay , Rajagopal Nagarajan , Nikolaos Papanikolaou

Device-independent certification of quantum devices is of crucial importance for the development of secure quantum information protocols. So far, the most studied scenario corresponds to a system consisting of different non-characterized…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-08-26 Ivan Šupić , Matty J. Hoban , Laia Domingo Colomer , Antonio Acín

We propose a quantum authentication and digital signature protocol whose security is founded on the Quantum Merlin Arthur~(QMA)-completeness of the consistency of local density matrices. The protocol functions as a true public-key…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-23 Le-Ran Liu , Min-Quan He , Dan-Bo Zhang , Z. D. Wang

We present a quantum multi-factor authentication mechanism based on the hidden-matching quantum communication complexity problem. It offers step-up graded authentication for users via a quantum token. In this paper, we outline the protocol,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-01-14 Hazel Murray , David Malone