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The paper discusses recent proposals by Carroll and Chen, as well as Barbour, Koslowski, and Mercati to explain the (thermodynamic) arrow of time without a Past Hypothesis, i.e., the assumption of a special (low-entropy) initial state of…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2020-07-14 Dustin Lazarovici , Paula Reichert

For more than a century, physics has known of a puzzling conflict between the T-asymmetry of thermodynamic phenomena and the T-symmetry of the underlying microphysics on which these phenomena depend. This paper provides a guide to the…

Classical Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Huw Price

Preparing general relativity for quantization in the Hamiltonian approach leads to the `problem of time,' rendering the world fundamentally timeless. One proposed solution is the `thermal time hypothesis,' which defines time in terms of…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2024-07-30 Eugene Y. S. Chua

We study how rapidly the direction of time becomes operationally detectable from mesoscopic data when state-weights may be positive or negative. In contrast with classical Markov processes -- where forward evolution is instantly…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-17 Adam Brandenburger , Pierfrancesco La Mura

While the microscopic laws of physics are often symmetric under time reversal, most natural processes that we observe are not. The emergent asymmetry between typical and time-reversed processes is referred to as the arrow of time. In…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-23 Luis Pedro García-Pintos , Yi-Kai Liu , Alexey V. Gorshkov

Quantum walks are powerful tools not only to construct the quantum speedup algorithms but also to describe specific models in physical processes. Furthermore, the discrete time quantum walk has been experimentally realized in various…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-06-29 Yutaka Shikano , Kota Chisaki , Etsuo Segawa , Norio Konno

Understanding the emergence of the thermodynamic arrow of time in microscopic systems is of fundamental importance, particularly given that unitary evolution preserves time-reversal symmetry. While projective measurements introduce temporal…

In a recent preprint [arXiv:2601.14134v1], Rubin argues that the arrow of time originates from the monotonic growth of the volume of extra dimensions. While the identification of a geometric origin for time's arrow is compelling in the case…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-01-28 Andrei Galiautdinov

In the joint paper "Bridging the neuroscience and physics of time" Rovelli, as the physicist coauthor of neuroscientist Dean Buonomano, makes statements that rely on theoretical frameworks employed when the laws of thermodynamics and…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-11-28 Julian Barbour

In quantum gravity there is no notion of absolute time. Like all other quantities in the theory, the notion of time has to be introduced "relationally", by studying the behavior of some physical quantities in terms of others chosen as a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-03-12 Rodolfo Gambini , Jorge Pullin

The cosmological arrow of time may be linked to the thermodynamic arrow by second law of thermodynamics. The time asymmetry is also associated with dissipative fluid as Tolman introduced a viscous fluid to generate an arrow of time in…

General Physics · Physics 2016-07-21 Bal Krishna Yadav , Murli Manohar Verma

A profound quest of statistical mechanics is the origin of irreversibility - the arrow of time. New stimulants have been provided, thanks to unprecedented degree of control reached in experiments with isolated quantum systems and rapid…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-06-28 Chushun Tian , Kun Yang , Jiao Wang

We investigate the thermodynamic arrow of time in a time-symmetrically recollapsing universe by calculating quantum mechanically the entropy production of a massive scalar field. It is found that even though the Hamiltonian has a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-04-15 Sang Pyo Kim

Active matter encompasses systems whose individual consituents dissipate energy to exert propelling forces on their environment. This rapidly developing field harbors a dynamical phenomenology with no counterpart in passive systems. The…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2023-12-19 Jérémy O'Byrne , Yariv Kafri , Julien Tailleur , Frédéric van Wijland

Despite the fact that the fundamental physical laws are symmetric in time, most observed processes do not show this symmetry. Especially the phenomenon of decay seems to involve a kind of irreversibility that makes the definition of a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Kim J. Bostroem

We humans seem to have an innate understanding of the asymmetric progression of time, which we use to efficiently and safely perceive and manipulate our environment. Drawing inspiration from that, we address the problem of learning an arrow…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-03 Nasim Rahaman , Steffen Wolf , Anirudh Goyal , Roman Remme , Yoshua Bengio

Discussions on indeterminism in physics focus on the possibility of an open future, i.e. the possibility of having potential alternative future events, the realisation of one of which is not fully determined by the present state of affairs.…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2023-02-21 Flavio Del Santo , Nicolas Gisin

In this paper we adopt a global and non-entropic approach to the problem of the arrow of time, according to which the arrow of time is an intrinsic geometrical property of spacetime. Our main aim is to show the double role played by the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-10 M. Castagnino , O. Lombardi

Many physicists think that the maximum entropy formalism is a straightforward application of Bayesian statistical ideas to statistical mechanics. Some even say that statistical mechanics is just the general Bayesian logic of inductive…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-05-23 Cosma Rohilla Shalizi

Most physics theories are deterministic, with the notable exception of quantum mechanics which, however, comes plagued by the so-called measurement problem. This state of affairs might well be due to the inability of standard mathematics to…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2021-11-04 Nicolas Gisin
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