Related papers: Bell's Theorem and Random Variables

Locality and realism are two main assumptions in deriving Bell's inequalities. Though the experimentally demonstrated violations of Bell's inequalities rule out local realism, it is, however, not clear what role each of the two assumptions…

An analysis is made within the quantum formalism of the probabilistic features of the electron spin correlation, with the purpose of clarifying the concepts of contextuality and measurement dependence. The quantum formulas for the spin…

The standard quantum mechanical harmonic oscillator has an exact, dual relationship with a completely classical system: a classical particle running along a circle. Duality here means that there is a one-to-one relation between all…

Three classes of local hidden-variable models that violate both Bell and Leggett inequalities are presented. The models, however, do not reproduce the quantum mechanical predictions, hence they are experimentally testable. It is concluded…

Since Bell's theorem, it is known that quantum correlations cannot be described by local variables (LV) alone: if one does not want to abandon classical mechanisms for correlations, a superluminal form of communication among the particles…

Physics is based on probabilities as fundamental entities of a mathematical description. Expectation values of observables are computed according to the classical statistical rule. The overall probability distribution for one world covers…

We show one can use classical fields to modify a quantum optics experiment so that Bell's inequalities will be violated. This happens with continuous random variables that are local, but we need to use the correlation matrix to prove there…

Bell's theorem, stating that quantum predictions are incompatible with a local hidden variable description, is a cornerstone of quantum theory and at the center of many quantum information processing protocols. Over the years, different…

The Bell theorem expresses that quantum mechanics is not a local-realistic theory, which is often interpreted as nonlocality of the nature. This result has led to this belief that nonlocality and entanglement are the same resources.…

Bell's theorem guarantees that no model based on local variables can reproduce quantum correlations. Also some models based on non-local variables, if subject to apparently "reasonable" constraints, may fail to reproduce quantum physics. In…

Chemical potential is a property which involves the effect of interaction between the components of a system, and it results from the whole system. In this paper, we argue that for two particles which have interacted via their spins and are…

In the derivation of Bell's inequalities, probability distribution is supposed to be a function of only hidden variable. We point out that the true implication of the probability distribution of Bell's correlation function is the…

The experimentally verified violation of Bell's inequalities apparently implies that at least one of two intuitive beliefs must be false: that effects propagating at infinite velocity do not exist, and that natural phenomena occur…

The boundary between classical and quantum correlations is well characterised by linear constraints called Bell inequalities. It is much harder to characterise the boundary of the quantum set itself in the space of no-signaling…

In these continuation papers (VI and VII) we are interested in approach the problem of spin from a classical point of view. In this first paper we will show that the spin is neither basically relativistic nor quantum but reflects just a…

Based on the concept of ensemble, it is proved in the manuscript that the probability amplitude function can also been used to describe the classical statistical system. The motion equations of probability amplitude functions of classical…

After an elementary derivation of Bell's inequality, several forms of expectation functions for two-valued observables are discussed. Special emphasis is given to hypothetical stronger-than quantum expectation functions which give rise to a…

We remind the viewpoint that violation of Bell's inequality might be interpreted not only as an evidence of the alternative -- either nonlocality or ``death of reality'' (under the assumption the quantum mechanics is incomplete). Violation…

Bell nonlocality and uncertainty relations are distinct features of quantum theory from classical physics. Bell nonlocality concerns the correlation strength among local observables on different quantum particles, whereas the uncertainty…

A quantum field model for an experiment describes thermal fluctuations explicitly and quantum fluctuations implicitly, whereas a comparable continuous random field model would describe both thermal and quantum fluctuations explicitly. An…