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Classical dynamics is formulated as a Hamiltonian flow on phase space, while quantum mechanics is formulated as a unitary dynamics in Hilbert space. These different formulations have made it difficult to directly compare quantum and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 A. J. Scott , G. J. Milburn

A pedagogical introduction is given to the quantum mechanics of closed systems, most generally the universe as a whole. Quantum mechanics aims at predicting the probabilities of alternative coarse-grained time histories of a closed system.…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-01-15 James B. Hartle

Quantum mechanics can emerge from classical statistics. A typical quantum system describes an isolated subsystem of a classical statistical ensemble with infinitely many classical states. The state of this subsystem can be characterized by…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-13 C. Wetterich

Without wasting time and effort on philosophical justifications and implications, we write down the conditions for the Hamiltonian of a quantum system for rendering it mathematically equivalent to a deterministic system. These are the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-06-09 Gerard t Hooft

Any quasi-probability representation of a no-signaling system -- including quantum systems -- can be simulated via a purely classical scheme by allowing signed events and a cancellation procedure. This raises a fundamental question: What…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-11 Adam Brandenburger , Pierfrancesco La Mura

Non-classical correlations denote the ways in which quantum systems can be correlated beyond what is possible in classical physics. They include but are not limited to entanglement: non-entangled states can also exhibit forms of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-09-09 Pieter Bogaert , Davide Girolami

Using the kinematic constraints of classical bodies we construct the allowable wavefunctions corresponding to classical solids. These are shown to be long lived metastable states that are qualitatively far from eigenstates of the true…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-09-05 Clifford E Chafin

The use of the so-called entropic inequalities is revisited in the light of new quantum correlation measures, specially nonlocality. We introduce the concept of {\it classicality} as the non-violation of these classical inequalities by…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-14 J. Batle , Mahmoud Abdel-Aty , C. H. Raymond Ooi , S. Abdalla , Y. Al-hedeethi

Measure theory is used in physics, not just to capture classical probability, but also to quantify the number of states. In previous works, we found that state quantification plays a foundational role in classical mechanics, and therefore,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-03-05 Gabriele Carcassi , Christine A. Aidala

We investigate what can be concluded about a quantum system when sequential quantum measurements of its observable -- a prominent example of the so-called quantum stochastic process -- fulfill the Kolmogorov consistency condition and thus…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-02 Piotr Szańkowski , Łukasz Cywiński

This is a challenging paper including some review and new results. Since the non-commutative version of the classical system based on the compact group SU(2) has been constructed in (quant-ph/0502174) by making use of Jaynes-Commings model…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-07-19 Kazuyuki Fujii

The existence of incompatible measurements is often believed to be a feature of quantum theory which signals its inconsistency with any classical worldview. To prove the failure of classicality in the sense of Kochen-Specker…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-04-05 John H. Selby , David Schmid , Elie Wolfe , Ana Belén Sainz , Ravi Kunjwal , Robert W. Spekkens

We consider two celebrated criteria for defining the non-classicality of bipartite bosonic quantum systems, the first stemming from information theoretic concepts and the second from physical constraints on the quantum phase-space.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-05-30 Alessandro Ferraro , Matteo G. A. Paris

A generalisation of quantum contextuality to the case of many indentical particles is presented. The model consists of a finite collection of modes that can be occupied by N particles, either bosons or fermions. Measurement scenarios allow…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-02-01 Pawel Kurzynski

In Quantum Physics, a measurement is represented by a projection on some closed subspace of a Hilbert space. We study algebras of operators that abstract from the algebra of projections on closed subspaces of a Hilbert space. The properties…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Daniel Lehmann , Kurt Engesser , Dov M. Gabbay

Although the foundations of quantum and classical physics are much different, it is often difficult to pinpoint which features of a particular system are intrinsically "quantum". Perhapse, the most clear-cut distinction between "classical"…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-02-05 Piotr Szańkowski

Is entanglement an exclusive feature of quantum systems, or is it common to all non-classical theories? And if this is the case, how strong is quantum mechanical entanglement as compared to that exhibited by other theories? The first part…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-03-09 Ludovico Lami

We characterize the class of quantum measurements that matches the applications of quantum theory to cognition (and decision making) - quantum-like modeling. Projective measurements describe the canonical measurements of the basic…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-15 Miho Fuyama , Andrei Khrennikov , Masanao Ozawa

The descriptions of the quantum realm and the macroscopic classical world differ significantly not only in their mathematical formulations but also in their foundational concepts and philosophical consequences. When and how physical systems…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-12-02 Johannes Kofler

In the realm of fault-tolerant quantum computing, stabilizer operations play a pivotal role, characterized by their remarkable efficiency in classical simulation. This efficiency sets them apart from non-stabilizer operations within the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-30 Chengkai Zhu , Zhiping Liu , Chenghong Zhu , Xin Wang