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In contemporary physics space and time are intertwined entities so that kinematical and dynamical quantities are expressed in the four-dimensional space-time. This formulation seems to contradict our every-day experience and perception…

General Physics · Physics 2023-05-23 Orfeu Bertolami

The Heisenberg uncertainty relation, which links the uncertainties of the position and momentum of a particle, has an important footprint on the quantum behavior of a physical system. Analogous to this principle, we propose that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-18 Pratik Sathe , Luis Pedro García-Pintos , Francesco Caravelli

The underlying mechanism in the implementation of unitary operation on a system with an external apparatus is studied. We implement the unitary time evolution in the system as a physical phenomenon that results from the interaction between…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-09-17 Hiroyasu Tajima , Naoto Shiraishi , Keiji Saito

The idea to base the uncertainty relation for photons on the electromagnetic energy distribution in space enabled us to derive a sharp inequality that expresses the uncertainty relation [Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 108}, 140401 (2012)]. An…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-05 Iwo Bialynicki-Birula , Zofia Bialynicka-Birula

The thermodynamic uncertainty relation expresses a universal trade-off between precision and entropy production, which applies in its original formulation to current observables in steady-state systems. We generalize this relation to…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2018-12-06 Timur Koyuk , Udo Seifert , Patrick Pietzonka

W. Pauli pointed out that the existence of a self-adjoint time operator is incompatible with the semibounded character of the Hamiltonian spectrum. As a result, people have been arguing a lot about the time-energy uncertainty relation and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-11-26 Z. Y. Wang , B. Chen

In thermodynamics, quantum coherences - superpositions between energy eigenstates - behave in distinctly nonclassical ways. Recently mathematical frameworks have emerged to account for these features and have provided a range of novel…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-04-26 Hyukjoon Kwon , Hyunseok Jeong , David Jennings , Benjamin Yadin , M. S. Kim

For fluctuating currents in non-equilibrium steady states, the recently discovered thermodynamic uncertainty relation expresses a fundamental relation between their variance and the overall entropic cost associated with the driving. We show…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2017-07-12 Patrick Pietzonka , Felix Ritort , Udo Seifert

By collecting both quantum and gravitational principles, a space-time uncertainty relation $(\delta t)(\delta r)^{3}\geqslant\pi r^{2}l_{p}^{2}$ is derived. It can be used to facilitate the discussion of several profound questions, such as…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2008-11-07 Yi-Xin Chen , Yong Xiao

Aim of this paper is trying to show the possible significance, and usefulness, of various non-selfadjoint operators for suitable Observables in non-relativistic and relativistic quantum mechanics, and in quantum electrodynamics: More…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-05-16 Erasmo Recami , Michel Zamboni-Rached , Ignazio Licata

Quantizing the transfer of energy and momentum between interacting particles, we obtain a quantum impulse equation and relations that the corresponding mechanical power, force and torque satisfy. In addition to the energy-frequency and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-02-25 Miroslav Georgiev

Operational definition of space-time in light of quantum mechanics and general relativity inevitably indicates an intrinsic imprecision in space-time structure which has to do with space-time dimension as well. The operational dimension of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Michael Maziashvili

In three-dimensional turbulent flows, the flux of energy from large to small scales breaks time symmetry. We show here that this irreversibility can be quantified by following the relative motion of several Lagrangian tracers. We find by…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2015-06-22 Jennifer Jucha , Haitao Xu , Alain Pumir , Eberhard Bodenschatz

The operational formulations of quantum theory are drastically time oriented. However, to the best of our knowledge, microscopic physics is time-symmetric. We address this tension by showing that the asymmetry of the operational…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-08-11 Andrea Di Biagio , Pietro Donà , Carlo Rovelli

Suppose that the Hamiltonian acting on a quantum system is unknown and one wants to determine what is the Hamiltonian. We show that in general this requires a time $\Delta t$ which obeys the uncertainty relation $\Delta t \Delta H \gtrsim…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 Y. Aharonov , S. Massar , S. Popescu

Although time measurements are routinely performed in laboratories, their theoretical description is still an open problem. Correspondingly, the status of the energy-time uncertainty relation is unsettled. In the first part of this work the…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2014-03-12 Nicola Vona

Some observations are made about energy-time uncertainty and spin in the context of trajectories as in Faraggi-Matone or Floyd.

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-10-31 Robert Carroll

We extend a class of recently derived thermodynamic uncertainty relations to vector-valued observables. In contrast to the scalar-valued observables examined previously, this multidimensional thermodynamic uncertainty relation provides a…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2019-10-22 Andreas Dechant

This paper presents the operator form of the effective potential V governing the time evolution in 2 and 3 and n dimensional subspace of states. The general formula for the n dimensional case is considered the starting point for the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 Jaroslaw Piskorski

We derive several uncertainty relations for two arbitrary unitary operators acting on physical states of a Hilbert space. We show that our bounds are tighter in various cases than the ones existing in the current literature. Using the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-10-12 Shrobona Bagchi , Arun Kumar Pati