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We derive an intuitive and novel method to represent nodes in a graph with special unitary operators, or quantum operators, which does not require parameter training and is competitive with classical methods on scoring similarity between…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-22 Andrew Vlasic , Salvador Aguinaga

Control flow of quantum programs is often divided into two different classes: classical and quantum. Quantum programs with classical control flow have their conditional branching determined by the classical outcome of measurements, and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-12-13 Pablo Andrés-Martínez

Let $C$ be a symmetrizable generalized Cartan Matrix, and $q$ an indeterminate. ${\fg}(C)$ is the Kac-Moody Lie algebra and $U=U_q({\fg}(C))$ the associated quantum enveloping algebra over $ k={\Bbb Q}(q)$. The quantum function algebra…

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Bharath Narayanan

Quantum modular adders are one of the most fundamental yet versatile quantum computation operations. They help implement functions of higher complexity, such as subtraction and multiplication, which are used in applications such as quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-06-12 Bhaskar Gaur , Himanshu Thapliyal

The construction of a quantum computer remains a fundamental scientific and technological challenge, in particular due to unavoidable noise. Quantum states and operations can be protected from errors using protocols for fault-tolerant…

Low depth measurement-based quantum computation with qudits ($d$-level systems) is investigated and a precise relationship between this powerful model and qudit quantum circuits is derived in terms of computational depth and size…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-10-23 Timothy J. Proctor

We construct a fault-tolerant quantum error-correcting protocol based on a qubit encoded in a large spin qudit using a spin-cat code, analogous to the continuous variable cat encoding. With this, we can correct the dominant error sources,…

Quantum programs today are written at a low level of abstraction - quantum circuits akin to assembly languages - and the unitary parts of even advanced quantum programming languages essentially function as circuit description languages.…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Chris Heunen , Louis Lemonnier , Christopher McNally , Alex Rice

Quantum computing promises to revolutionize various fields, yet the execution of quantum programs necessitates an effective compilation process. This involves strategically mapping quantum circuits onto the physical qubits of a quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-19 Tian Li , Xiao-Yue Xu , Chen Ding , Tian-Ci Tian , Wei-You Liao , Shuo Zhang , He-Liang Huang

We introduce the Constraint-Enhanced Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (CE-QAOA), a shallow, constraint-aware ansatz that operates inside the one-hot product space [n]^m, where m is the number of blocks and each block is…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Chinonso Onah , Roman Firt , Kristel Michielsen

The ability to perform quantum error correction (QEC) and robust gate operations on encoded qubits opens the door to demonstrations of quantum algorithms. Contemporary QEC schemes typically require mid-circuit measurements with feed-forward…

The quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) generates an approximate solution to combinatorial optimization problems using a variational ansatz circuit defined by parameterized layers of quantum evolution. In theory, the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-09-24 Rebekah Herrman , Phillip C. Lotshaw , James Ostrowski , Travis S. Humble , George Siopsis

Recent advancements in Quantum Computing and Machine Learning have increased attention to Quantum Machine Learning (QML), which aims to develop machine learning models by exploiting the quantum computing paradigm. One of the widely used…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Antonio Tudisco , Andrea Marchesin , Maurizio Zamboni , Mariagrazia Graziano , Giovanna Turvani

Algorithms for quantum information processing are usually decomposed into sequences of quantum gate operations, most often realized with single- and two- qubit gates[1]. While such operations constitute a universal set for quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 T. Monz , K. Kim , W. Hänsel , M. Riebe , A. Villar , P. Schindler , M. Chwalla , M. Hennrich , R. Blatt

Quantum computing (QC) seems to show potential for application in machine learning (ML). In particular quantum kernel methods (QKM) exhibit promising properties for use in supervised ML tasks. However, a major disadvantage of kernel methods…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-14 Kilian Tscharke , Sebastian Issel , Pascal Debus

We give new bounds on the circuit complexity of the quantum Fourier transform (QFT). We give an upper bound of O(log n + log log (1/epsilon)) on the circuit depth for computing an approximation of the QFT with respect to the modulus 2^n…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Richard Cleve , John Watrous

We investigate a quantum integrated communication and computation (QICC) scheme for a single-mode bosonic multiple-access channel (MAC) with coherent-state signalling. By exploiting the natural superposition property of the quantum MAC, a…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Ioannis Krikidis

Block-encoding operators are one of the essential components in quantum algorithms based on Quantum Signal Processing. Their gate complexity largely determines the overall gate complexity of the full algorithm. Using variational methods, we…

Owing to their rich internal structure and significant long-range interactions, ultracold molecules have been widely explored as carriers of quantum information. Several different schemes for encoding qubits into molecular states, both bare…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-02-21 K. Asnaashari , R. V. Krems , T. V. Tscherbul

We show how to carry out quantum logical operations (controlled-not and Toffoli gates) on encoded qubits for several encodings which protect against various 1-bit errors. This improves the reliability of these operations by allowing one to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-10-30 Wojciech Hubert Zurek , Raymond Laflamme