Related papers: Genetic Code as a Harmonic System: three Supplemen…
There has been much research on codes over $\mathbb{Z}_4$, sometimes called quaternary codes, for over a decade. Yet, no database is available for best known quaternary codes. This work introduces a new database for quaternary codes. It…
We study properties of binary codes with parameters close to the parameters of 1-perfect codes. An arbitrary binary $(n=2^m-3, 2^{n-m-1}, 4)$ code $C$, i.e., a code with parameters of a triply-shortened extended Hamming code, is a cell of…
We present a genetic algorithm for the atomistic design and global optimisation of substitutionally disordered bulk materials and surfaces. Premature convergence which hamper conventional genetic algorithms due to problems with…
The standard genetic code is known to be much more efficient in minimizing adverse effects of misreading errors and one-point mutations in comparison with a random code having the same structure, i.e. the same number of codons coding for…
A hypothesis of the evolution of the genetic code is proposed, the leading mechanism of which is the nucleotide spontaneous damage leading to AT-enrichment of the genome. The hypothesis accounts for stability of the genetic code towards…
The genetic code is nearly universal, and the arrangement of the codons in the standard codon table is highly non-random. The three main concepts on origin and evolution of the code are the stereochemical theory; the coevolution theory; and…
The rules that specify how the information contained in DNA codes amino acids, is called "the genetic code". Using a simplified version of the Penna nodel, we are using computer simulations to investigate the importance of the genetic code…
Using concepts of physics of elementary particles concerning the breaking of symmetry and grannd unified theory we propose to study with the algebraic approximation the degeneracy finded in the genetic code with the incorporation of a…
This paper presents, for the first time, four diversity types of protein amino acids. The first type includes two amino acids (G, P), both without standard hydrocarbon side chains; the second one four amino acids, as two pairs [(A, L), (V,…
Let $n_k(s)$ be the maximal length $n$ such that a quaternary additive $[n,k,n-s]_4$-code exists. We solve a natural asymptotic problem by determining the lim sup $\lambda_k$ of $n_k(s)/s,$ and the smallest value of $s$ such that…
The genetic code is the set of rules by which information encoded in genetic material (DNA or RNA sequences) is translated into proteins (amino acid sequences) by living cells. The code defines a mapping between tri-nucleotide sequences,…
We investigate additive cyclic codes over the alphabet $\mathbb{F}_{q}\mathbb{F}_{q^2}$, where $q$ is a prime power. First, its generator polynomials and minimal spanning set are determined. Then, examples of $\mathbb{F}_{q^2}$-additive…
We Propose 22 unique Solutions to the Genetic Code. An Alternative Cracking, from the Perspective of a Mathematician.
We study the problem of building generative models of natural source code (NSC); that is, source code written and understood by humans. Our primary contribution is to describe a family of generative models for NSC that have three key…
We construct qubit stabilizer codes with parameters $[[81, 0, 20]]$ and $[[94, 0, 22]]$ for the first time. We use symplectic self-dual additive codes over $\mathbb{F}_4$ built by modifying the adjacency matrices of suitable metacirculant…
Based on good algebraic structures and practicabilities, generalized quasi-cyclic (GQC) codes play important role in coding theory. In this paper, we study some results on GQC codes over $\mathbb{Z}_4$ including the normalized generating…
The importance of quantum error correction in paving the way to build a practical quantum computer is no longer in doubt. This dissertation makes a threefold contribution to the mathematical theory of quantum error-correcting codes.…
The present work is devoted to describe a set of rules explaining the discriminating versus non-discriminating behavior of the di-basic stages and to characterize the role of each base in determining such a behavior. Bases are analyze as…
The conception of multi-alphabetical genetics is represented. Matrix forms of the representation of the multi-level system of molecular-genetic alphabets have revealed algebraic properties of this system. These properties are connected with…
In nature the three-dimensional structure of a protein is encoded in the corresponding gene. In this paper we describe a new method for encoding the three-dimensional structure of a protein into a binary sequence. The feature of the method…