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We consider the evolution of populations under the joint action of mutation and differential reproduction, or selection. The population is modelled as a finite-type Markov branching process in continuous time, and the associated…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2009-02-23 Ellen Baake , Hans-Otto Georgii

We study a dynamic model of ecosystems where immigration plays an essential role both in assembling the species community and in mantaining its biodiversity. This framework is particularly relevant for insular ecosystems. Population…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2007-05-23 U. Bastolla , M. Laessig , S. Manrubia , A. Valleriani

Starting from a master equation, we derive the evolution equation for the size distribution of elements in an evolving system, where each element can grow, divide into two, and produce new elements. We then probe general solutions of the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2011-04-05 Segun Goh , H. W. Kwon , M. Y. Choi , Jean-Yves Fortin

Recently, different dispersion strategies in population models subject to geometric catastrophes have been considered as strategies to improve the chance of po\-pu\-lation's survival. Such dispersion strategies have been contrasted with the…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-03-17 Valdivino Vargas Junior , Fábio Prates Machado , Alejandro Roldán-Correa

The time evolution of Earth with her cities, languages and countries is considered in terms of the multiplicative noise and the fragmentation- processes, where the related families, size distributions, lifetimes, bilinguals, etc. are…

Physics and Society · Physics 2009-11-13 Caglar Tuncay

Motivated as a null model for comparison with data, we study the following model for a phylogenetic tree on $n$ extant species. The origin of the clade is a random time in the past, whose (improper) distribution is uniform on $(0,\infty)$.…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-05-23 David J. Aldous , Lea Popovic

We compare and contrast the long-time dynamical properties of two individual-based models of biological coevolution. Selection occurs via multispecies, stochastic population dynamics with reproduction probabilities that depend nonlinearly…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2011-11-10 Per Arne Rikvold

Evolutionary biology shares many concepts with statistical physics: both deal with populations, whether of molecules or organisms, and both seek to simplify evolution in very many dimensions. Often, methodologies have undergone parallel and…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2015-03-19 Harold P. de Vladar , Nick H. Barton

Recently several authors have proposed stochastic evolutionary models for the growth of complex networks that give rise to power-law distributions. These models are based on the notion of preferential attachment leading to the ``rich get…

Physics and Society · Physics 2007-05-23 Trevor Fenner , Mark Levene , George Loizou

We consider a discrete time competition model. Populations compete for common limited resources but they have different fertilities and mortalities rates. We compare dynamical properties of this model with its continuous counterpart. We…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2017-06-12 Ryszard Rudnicki

An ongoing debate in evolutionary biology is whether phenotypic change occurs predominantly around the time of speciation or whether it instead accumulates gradually over time. In this work I propose a general framework incorporating both…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2014-07-02 Krzysztof Bartoszek

We provide an analytic, microscopic analysis of extreme events in an adaptive population comprising competing agents (e.g. species, cells, traders, data-packets). Such large changes tend to dictate the long-term dynamical behaviour of many…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2009-11-07 Paul Jefferies , David Lamper , Neil F. Johnson

Taylor's Law (TL) relates the variance to the mean of a random variable via power law. In ecology it applies to populationsand it is a common empirical pattern shared among different ecosystems. Measurements give power law exponent to be…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2018-06-26 Stefano Garlaschi , Samuele Stivanello

We study the effect of speciation, i.e. the introduction of new species through evolution into communities, in the setting of predator-prey systems. Predator-prey dynamics is classically well modeled by Lotka-Volterra equations, also when…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2025-03-20 Christian Hamster , Jorik Schaap , Peter van Heijster , Joshua Dijksman

Evolution occurs in populations of reproducing individuals. The structure of a biological population affects which traits evolve. Understanding evolutionary game dynamics in structured populations is difficult. Precise results have been…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2017-08-16 Benjamin Allen , Gabor Lippner , Yu-Ting Chen , Babak Fotouhi , Naghmeh Momeni , Martin A. Nowak , Shing-Tung Yau

Zipf's power-law distribution is a generic empirical statistical regularity found in many complex systems. However, rather than universality with a single power-law exponent (equal to 1 for Zipf's law), there are many reported deviations…

Physics and Society · Physics 2015-03-18 Ryohei Hisano , Didier Sornette , Takayuki Mizuno

We use interacting particle systems to investigate survival and extinction of a species with colonies located on each site of $\mathbb {Z}^d$. In each of the four models studied, an individual in a local population can reproduce, die or…

Probability · Mathematics 2012-05-15 Davide Borrello

Population-level scaling in ecological systems arises from individual growth and death with competitive constraints. We build on a minimal dynamical model of metabolic growth where the tension between individual growth and mortality…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2022-05-11 Edward D. Lee , Christopher P. Kempes , Geoffrey B. West

Evolution occurs in populations of reproducing individuals. It is well known that population structure can affect evolutionary dynamics. Traditionally, natural selection is studied between mutants that differ in reproductive rate, but are…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2021-11-23 Josef Tkadlec , Kamran Kaveh , Krishnendu Chatterjee , Martin A. Nowak

When a collection of phenotypically diverse organisms compete with each other for limited resources, with competition being strongest amongst the most similar, the population can evolve into tightly localised clusters. This process can be…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2012-05-16 Tim Rogers , Alan J. McKane , Axel G. Rossberg