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Immunity is believed to share limited resources with other physiological functions and this may partly account for the fitness costs of reproduction. Previous studies have shown that the acquired immunity of female common eiders (Somateria…
Immunity is hypothesized to share limited resources with other physiological functions and may mediate life history trade-offs, for example between reproduction and survival. However, vertebrate immune defense is a complex system that…
Organisms are frequently exposed to challenges during development, such as poor weather and food shortage. Such challenges can initiate the hormonal stress response, which involves secretion of glucocorticoids. Although the hormonal stress…
Intestinal apoptosis and expression of apoptosis inducers - the cytokines TNFalpha, TGFbeta1 - and the intestinal transcription factor Cdx2, were studied according to two different metabolic and hormonal phases which characterize long-term…
In recent in vitro experiments on co-culture between breast tumour spheroids and activated immune cells, it was observed that the introduction of the stress hormone cortisol resulted in a decreased immune cell infiltration into the…
We model the interaction between the immune system and tumor cells including a time delay to simulate the time needed by the latter to develop a chemical and cell mediated response to the presence of the tumor. The results are compared with…
Why do some females menstruate at all? Answering this question has implications for understanding the tight links between reproductive function and organismal immunity. Here we build on the growing evidence that menstruation is the…
This study develops a unified model predicting the whole-body response to endotoxin. We simulate dynamics using differential equations examining the response to a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) injection. The model tracks pro- and…
Psychosocial stress during pregnancy is a known contributor to preterm birth, but also has been increasingly appreciated as an in utero insult acting long-term on prenatal and postnatal neurodevelopmental trajectories. These events impact…
In this study, we present an immuno-epidemic model to understand mitigation options during an epidemic break. The model incorporates comorbidity and multiple-vaccine doses through a system of coupled integro-differential equations to…
Acute stress alters cognitive performance, yet competing models make divergent predictions regarding the mechanisms, scope, and temporal dynamics of these effects. This large-scale randomized controlled trial tested predications from three…
Aldosterone, the main physiological mineralocorticoid in humans and other terrestrial vertebrates, first appears in lungfish, which are lobe-finned fish that are forerunners of terrestrial vertebrates. Aldosterone activation of the MR…
Peri-implant inflammation in orthodontic mini-implant may lead to patient discomfort and treatment failure. This study aims to evaluate the effects of diode laser application on the health of mini-implant, preventing peri-implantitis and…
This thesis conducts an observational study into whether diuretics should be administered to ICU patients with sepsis when length of stay in the ICU and 30-day post-hospital mortality are considered. The central contribution of the thesis…
A simplified mathematical model of oral hydrocortisone delivery in adrenal insufficiency is described; the model is based on three components (gastric hydrocortisone, free serum cortisol and bound serum cortisol) and is formulated in terms…
One strategy for winning a coevolutionary struggle is to evolve rapidly. Most of the literature on host-pathogen coevolution focuses on this phenomenon, and looks for consequent evidence of coevolutionary arms races. An alternative…
Background: Higher endogenous testosterone levels are associated with reduced chronic disease risk and mortality. Since the mid-20th century, there have been significant changes in dietary patterns, and men's testosterone levels have…
Endotoxin administration is commonly used to study the inflammatory response, and though traditionally given as a bolus injection, it can be administered as a continuous infusion over multiple hours. Several studies hypothesize that the…
We model and calculate the fraction of infected population necessary to reach herd immunity, taking into account the heterogeneity in infectiousness and susceptibility, as well as the correlation between those two parameters. We show that…
Evolution of the spatial arrangement of cells in a primary culture of cardiac tissue derived from newborn rats was studied experimentally over extended period. It was found that cells attract each other spontaneously to form a clustered…