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Over the past decade, random forest models have become widely used as a robust method for high-dimensional data regression tasks. In part, the popularity of these models arises from the fact that they require little hyperparameter tuning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-18 Shipra Malhotra , John Karanicolas

The issue of estimating residual variance in regression models has experienced relatively little attention in the machine learning community. However, the estimate is of primary interest in many practical applications, e.g. as a primary…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2018-12-18 Burim Ramosaj , Markus Pauly

We study the convergence of the predictive surface of regression trees and forests. To support our analysis we introduce a notion of adaptive concentration for regression trees. This approach breaks tree training into a model selection…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2016-05-03 Stefan Wager , Guenther Walther

We study various types of consistency of honest decision trees and random forests in the regression setting. In contrast to related literature, our proofs are elementary and follow the classical arguments used for smoothing methods. Under…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-05-21 Martin Bladt , Rasmus Frigaard Lemvig

Random forests are a statistical learning technique that use bootstrap aggregation to average high-variance and low-bias trees. Improvements to random forests, such as applying Lasso regression to the tree predictions, have been proposed in…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-11-13 Jing Shang , James Bannon , Benjamin Haibe-Kains , Robert Tibshirani

This research addresses the critical lack of comprehensive studies on feature scaling by systematically evaluating 12 scaling techniques - including several less common transformations - across 14 different Machine Learning algorithms and…

Random forest regression (RF) is an extremely popular tool for the analysis of high-dimensional data. Nonetheless, its benefits may be lessened in sparse settings due to weak predictors, and a pre-estimation dimension reduction (targeting)…

Random Forests (RFs) are among the state-of-the-art in machine learning and offer excellent performance with nearly zero parameter tuning. Remarkably, RFs seem to be impervious to overfitting even though their basic building blocks are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-09 Sebastian Buschjäger , Katharina Morik

In the face of uncertain biological response to climate change and the many critiques concerning model complexity it is increasingly important to develop predictive mechanistic frameworks that capture the dominant features of ecological…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2015-06-05 Christopher P. Kempes , Sungho Choi , William Dooris , Geoffrey B. West

We seek decision rules for prediction-time cost reduction, where complete data is available for training, but during prediction-time, each feature can only be acquired for an additional cost. We propose a novel random forest algorithm to…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2015-02-23 Feng Nan , Joseph Wang , Venkatesh Saligrama

The present study applies observations of individual predictions of the first three releases of the US output growth rate to evaluate how the applied judgment affects prediction efficiency and accuracy as well as if judgment is persistent.…

General Economics · Economics 2024-04-08 Michael Pedersen

Regression forests have long delivered state-of-the-art accuracy, often outperforming regression trees and even neural networks, but they suffer from limited interpretability as ensemble methods. In this work, we revisit forest pruning, an…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-03-10 Albert Dorador

Random forests have proven to be reliable predictive algorithms in many application areas. Not much is known, however, about the statistical properties of random forests. Several authors have established conditions under which their…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2016-05-05 Stefan Wager

Despite their remarkable effectiveness and broad application, the drivers of success underlying ensembles of trees are still not fully understood. In this paper, we highlight how interpreting tree ensembles as adaptive and self-regularizing…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-02-05 Alicia Curth , Alan Jeffares , Mihaela van der Schaar

The concept of sustainable intensification in agriculture necessitates the implementation of management practices that prioritize sustainability without compromising productivity. However, the effects of such practices are known to depend…

Quantifying the usefulness of individual features in random forests learning can greatly enhance its interpretability. Existing studies have shown that some popularly used feature importance measures for random forests suffer from the bias…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-11-14 Chien-Ming Chi , Yingying Fan , Jinchi Lv

For the first time, quality distribution of trees is introduced in a tree growth model. Consequently, the effects of quality thinning on stand development can be investigated. Quality thinning improves the financial return in all cases…

General Economics · Economics 2025-03-24 Petri P. Karenlampi

A random forest prediction can be computed by the scalar product of the labels of the training examples and a set of weights that are determined by the leafs of the forest into which the test object falls; each prediction can hence be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-27 Henrik Boström

Random forests (RFs) utilize bootstrap sampling to generate individual training sets for each component tree by sampling with replacement, with the sample size typically equal to that of the original training set ($N$). Previous research…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Stanisław Kaźmierczak , Jacek Mańdziuk

Farmers rely on in-field observations to make well-informed crop management decisions to maximize profit and minimize adverse environmental impact. However, obtaining real-world crop state measurements is labor-intensive, time-consuming and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Hilmy Baja , Michiel Kallenberg , Ioannis N. Athanasiadis