Related papers: Bistable equilibrium points of mercury body burden
Cancer cells are often seen to prefer glycolytic metabolism over oxidative phosphorylation even in the presence of oxygen-a phenomenon termed the Warburg effect. Despite significant strides in the decades since its discovery, a clear basis…
We consider a mechanism which allows to decrease attenuation of high energy gamma ray flux from gamma ray burst GRB 221009A. The mechanism is based on the existence of a heavy $m_N\sim0.1\,\mathrm{MeV}$ mostly sterile neutrino $N$ which…
Biopolymer self-assembly pathways are central to biological activity, but are complicated by the ability of the monomeric subunits of biopolymers to adopt different conformational states. As a result, biopolymer nucleation often involves a…
Mental stress is a vague though familiar concept that accounts for an agency of the good, the bad and the ugly, that operates in the brains of animated beings, in response to environmental stressors. In this work, we provide evidence for…
As a neutron star spins down, the gradual decrease of the centrifugal force produces a progressive increase of the density of any given fluid element in its interior. Since the ``chemical'' (or ``beta'') equilibrium state is determined by…
In spallation neutron sources, liquid mercury is the subject of big thermal and pressure shocks, upon adsorbing the proton beam. These changes can cause unstable bubbles in the liquid, which can damage the structural material. While there…
The human gut microbiome is a complex ecosystem, in which hundreds of microbial species and metabolites coexist, in part due to an extensive network of cross-feeding interactions. However, both the large-scale trophic organization of this…
We have examined the fate of impact ejecta liberated from the surface of Mercury due to impacts by comets or asteroids, in order to study (1) meteorite transfer to Earth, and (2) re-accumulation of an expelled mantle in giant-impact…
We study secondary electron emission from metallic surfaces due to Auger de-excitation of diatomic metastable molecules. Our approach is based on an effective model for the two active electrons involved in the process -- a molecular…
Emission control technologies installed on power plants are a key feature of many air pollution regulations in the US. While such regulations are predicated on the presumed relationships between emissions, ambient air pollution, and human…
We consider the blue loops in the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram that occur when intermediate-mass stars begin core helium burning. It has long been known that the excess of helium above the burning shell, the result of the contraction of the…
Two-phase flow calculations are presented to investigate the thermo-hydraulical effects of the interaction between 300 kJ proton pulses (2 ms long, 1.3 GeV) with a closed mercury loop which can be considered as a model system of the target…
We present a method to measure the binary diffusion coefficient of mercury atoms in a gas at room temperature and low pressure. It is based on the measurement of the longitudinal spin relaxation of optically pumped mercury-199 atoms in a…
Melting is often understood in purely equilibrium terms, where crystalline order disappears once the free energy of the solid equals that of the liquid. Yet at the microscopic level, the initiating events for melting can often be traced to…
The received wisdom on how activity affects energy expenditure is that the more activity is undertaken, the more calories will have been burned by the end of the day. Yet traditional hunter-gatherers, who lead physically hard lives, burn no…
The age of exascale computing has arrived and the risks associated with neutron and other atmospheric radiation are becoming more critical as the computing power increases, hence, the expected Mean Time Between Failures will be reduced…
We investigate equilibrium chemistry between molten metal and silicate, and a hydrogen-rich envelope using 18 independent reactions among 25 phase components for sub-Neptune-like exoplanets. Both reactive metal and unreactive metal…
Iron is essential for all known life due to its redox properties, however these same properties can also lead to its toxicity in overload through the production of reactive oxygen species. Robust systemic and cellular control are required…
It is currently uncertain as to whether methane exists on Mars. Data from the Curiosity Rover suggests a background methane concentration of a few tenths parts per billion whereas data from the Trace Gas Orbiter suggest an upper limit of…
The article introduces a new relationship between the chemical system complexity and deviation of its bifurcation point from thermodynamic equilibrium. In the formalism of discrete thermodynamics of chemical equilibria, simulation of…