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Quantum theory provides an extensive framework for the description of the equilibrium properties of quantum matter. Yet experiments in quantum simulators have now opened up a route towards generating quantum states beyond this equilibrium…
The phenomenon of phase transitions in one-dimensional systems is discussed. Equilibrium systems are reviewed and some properties of an energy function which may allow phase transitions and phase ordering in one dimension are identified. We…
A controlled quantum system possesses a search landscape defined by the target physical objective as a function of the controls. This paper focuses on the landscape for the transition probability Pif between the states of a finite level…
Discrete temporal transitions occur in a variety of domains, but this work is mainly motivated by applications in molecular biology: explaining and analyzing observed transcriptome and proteome time series by literature and database…
A model is proposed that describes the evolution of a mixed state of a quantum system for which gain and loss of energy or amplitude are present. Properties of the model are worked out in detail. In particular, invariant subspaces of the…
A quantum phase transition that was recently observed in a high-mobility silicon MOSFET is analyzed in terms of a scaling theory. The most striking characteristic of the transition is a divergence of the thermopower, according to an inverse…
In quantum metrology, quantum probe states are capable of estimating unknown physical parameters to precisions beyond classical limits. What qualities do such states possess? Here we relate the performance of a probe state at estimating a…
An exactly solved bosonic tunneling model is studied along a line of the coupling parameter space, which includes a quantum phase boundary line. The entire energy spectrum is computed analytically, and found to exhibit multiple energy level…
Despite the widespread use and success of machine-learning techniques for detecting phase transitions from data, their working principle and fundamental limits remain elusive. Here, we explain the inner workings and identify potential…
The theory of biochemical processes needs simple but realistic models of phenomena underlying microscopic dynamics of proteins. Many experiments performed in the 1980s have demonstrated that within the protein native state, apart from usual…
This Perspective describes current computational efforts in the field of simulating photodynamics of transition metal complexes. We present the typical workflows and feature the strengths and limitations of the different contemporary…
Recent single-molecule force measurements on single-domain proteins have highlighted a three-state folding mechanism where a stabilized intermediate state (I) is observed on the folding trajectory between the stretched state and the native…
While many good textbooks are available on Protein Structure, Molecular Simulations, Thermodynamics and Bioinformatics methods in general, there is no good introductory level book for the field of Structural Bioinformatics. This book aims…
A novel attempt has been made to probe the QCD phase boundary by using the experimental data for transverse momenta of {\phi} mesons produced in nuclear collisions at AGS, SPS and RHIC energies. The data are confronted with simple…
Recent advances in non-equilibrium statistical mechanics and single molecule technologies make it possible to extract free energy differences from irreversible work measurements in pulling experiments. To date, free energy recovery has been…
We investigate the problem of how to obtain the force field between atoms of an experimentally determined structure. We show how this problem can be efficiently solved, even at finite temperature, where the position of the atoms differs…
The ability to explain decisions made by machine learning models remains one of the most significant hurdles towards widespread adoption of AI in highly sensitive areas such as medicine, cybersecurity or autonomous driving. Great interest…
Phyllotactic states are regular lattice-like structures on cylinders and are a botanical classification scheme. In this communication, we report a sequence of transitions between phyllotactic states for particles with a repulsive…
Experimental High Energy Physics has entered an era of precision measurements. However, measurements of many of the accessible processes assume that the final states' underlying kinematic distribution is the same as the Standard Model…
A model of holographic dark energy with an interaction with matter fields has been investigated. Choosing the future event horizon as an IR cutoff, we have shown that the ratio of energy densities can vary with time. With the interaction…