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Many structures of interest in two-dimensional category theory have aspects that are inherently strict. This strictness is not a limitation, but rather plays a fundamental role in the theory of such structures. For instance, a monoidal…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2024-12-11 Nathanael Arkor , John Bourke , Joanna Ko

The decomposition of a two dimensional complex germ with non-isolated singularity into semi-algebraic sets is given. This decomposition consists of four classes: Riemannian cones defined over a Seifert fibered manifold, a topological cone…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2014-11-14 Noémie Combe

Given a 2-manifold, a fundamental question to ask is which groups can be realized as the isometry group of a Riemannan metric of constant curvature on the manifold. In this paper, we give a nearly complete classification of such groups for…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2024-03-11 Tarik Aougab , Priyam Patel , Nicholas G. Vlamis

We classify all spherical 2-designs that arise as orbits of finite group actions on real inner product spaces. Although it is well known that such designs can occur in representations without trivial components, we give a complete…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-08-19 Kuan-Cheng Chien , Ming-Hsuan Kang

Diagrammatic notation has become a ubiquitous computational tool; early examples include Penrose's graphical notation for tensor calculus, Feynman's diagrams for perturbative quantum field theory, and Cvitanovic's birdtracks for Lie…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2022-08-30 Christoph Dorn , Christopher L. Douglas

This is a condensed overview of the formal theory of monads in a 2-category. We also define two double categories of monads in a 2-category, extending Lack and Street's 2-categories of monads.

Category Theory · Mathematics 2026-05-06 Aaron David Fairbanks

Let $X$ be a compact Riemann surface. A quadratic pair on $X$ consists of a holomorphic vector bundle with a quadratic form which takes values in fixed line bundle. We show that the moduli spaces of quadratic pairs of rank 2 are connected…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2014-10-17 Peter B. Gothen , André Oliveira

We define 2-calibrated structures, which are analogs of symplectic structures in odd dimensions. We show the existence of differential topological constructions compatible with the structure.

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2018-07-31 David Martinez Torres

We are concerned with orderable groups and particularly those with orderings invariant not only under multiplication, but also under a given automorphism or family of automorphisms. Several applications to topology are given: we prove that…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2014-10-01 Dale Rolfsen , Bert Wiest

We introduce a notion of parity for formal morphisms between invertible objects and use it to prove a corresponding coherence theorem. Parity is conceptually similar to the sign of underlying permutations, but not defined as such. To give…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2026-04-17 Nick Gurski , Niles Johnson

We establish a relation between smooth 2-functors defined on the path 2-groupoid of a smooth manifold and differential forms on this manifold. This relation can be understood as a part of a dictionary between fundamental notions from…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2011-07-20 Urs Schreiber , Konrad Waldorf

We consider commutative Frobenius pseudomonoids in the bicategory of spans, and we show that they are in correspondence with 2-Segal cosymmetric sets. Such a structure can be interpreted as a coherent 2-dimensional topological quantum field…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2026-01-01 Sophia E Marx , Rajan Amit Mehta

Skew monoidal categories are monoidal categories with non-invertible `coherence' morphisms. As shown in a previous paper bialgebroids over a ring R can be characterized as the closed skew monoidal structures on the category Mod R in which…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2016-08-30 K. Szlachanyi

We show that the categories of directed and undirected reflexive graphs carry exactly two (up to isomorphism) biclosed monoidal structures.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-11-25 Adrien Grenier , Chris Kapulkin

We lay out an infinity categorical interpretation of reconstruction theorems which are germane to the symmetric monoidal perspective of noncommutative algebraic geometry, present sufficient conditions which allow for the factorization of…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2025-07-18 Salash Tolan Nabaala

We associate to a 2-vector bundle over an essentially finite groupoid a 2-vector space of parallel sections, or, in representation theoretic terms, of higher invariants, which can be described as homotopy fixed points. Our main result is…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2023-07-03 Christoph Schweigert , Lukas Woike

In this paper we give an expository account of quasistrict symmetric monoidal 2-categories, as introduced by Schommer-Pries. We reformulate the definition using a graphical calculus called wire diagrams, which facilitates computations and…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2014-09-09 Bruce Bartlett

We study maps from a 2D world-sheet to a 2D target space which include folds. The geometry of folds is discussed and a metric on the space of folded maps is written down. We show that the latter is not invariant under area preserving…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2019-08-15 O. Ganor , J. Sonnenschein , S. Yankielowicz

We exhibit an extension of the category of class two nilpotent groups. It has the same objects but, unlike the latter, its morphisms are closed under pointwise addition of maps. At the same time the class of its morphisms is much smaller…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Mamuka Jibladze , Teimuraz Pirashvili

A general result relating skew monoidal structures and monads is proved. This is applied to quantum categories and bialgebroids. Ordinary categories are monads in the bicategory whose morphisms are spans between sets. Quantum categories…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2014-11-10 Stephen Lack , Ross Street